野生鸟类应激反应的生理机制及其生态意义  

Physiological mechanism and ecological implications of wild bird stress response

作　　者：张淑萍[1] 陈聪[1] 王培哲[1] 刘盛林[1] 陈晓宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第11期2280-2285,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30900181);111引智工程项目(2008-B08044);国家大学生创新实验计划资助项目(NMOE200812001)

摘　　要：应激反应是动物应对不利环境条件时的生理、内分泌及行为变化。该反应对动物的行为和生存力产生重要影响。突发的恶劣气候、被捕食、人类干扰等不利刺激可引起鸟类的突发应激。栖息地中长期缺乏食物、存在捕食者、季节变化以及社群中的社会性控制等生态因素可使鸟类发生慢性应激。突发应激是野生鸟类应对突发不利刺激的适应性反应,而慢性应激则可影响野生鸟类的免疫力、生殖力和体重,最终影响种群的存活力。本文综述了野生鸟类应激反应的生理机制及其生态意义,以期为我国的鸟类生态学研究提供借鉴。Stress response is the physiological,hormonal,and behavioral changes that enable an animal to cope with a stressor,and has great influence on the behaviors and survivability of the animal.Harsh weather,predation risk,and human disturbance can induce acute stress of wild birds,while food scarcity,predators,seasonal changes,and social domination are the main factors inducing chronic stress of wild birds.The acute stress can help the wild bird individuals withstand brief periods of stress,while the chronic stress can have adverse effects,e.g.,suppressing immune and reproduction functions and reducing body mass,which finally devastate the survivability of wild bird population.This paper reviewed the physiological mechanism and ecological implications of wild bird stress response to encourage Chinese ornithologists to pay attention to the topic.

关 键 词：鸟类 应激反应 种群动态 社会行为 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]