不同苹果树形的冠层特征与树体茎流分析  

Canopy and Water Consumption Characteristics of Different Apple Tree Shapes

作　　者：石海强[1] 秦立者[1] 杜纪壮[1] 尼群周[1] 徐国良[1] 俎文芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报》2010年第2期6-11,共6页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(项目编号:2007BAD69B07)

摘　　要：对苹果的自由纺锤形、小冠疏层形、高干形和主枝下垂形的冠层特征及树体茎流进行了初步试验分析。结果表明:主枝下垂形的叶面积指数为1.91,比自由纺锤形的和小冠疏层形的小;林隙分数为22.903,开度为27.003,叶倾角为82.440,比其他3种树形的大;树冠截获的光能量和树体日茎流量小于自由纺锤形的和小冠疏层形的,产量和水分利用效率高于其他3种树形。表明主枝下垂形是可以降低水分消耗、提高产量和保证果实品质的冠层结构。In this article four tree shapes＇ canopy and sap flow were studied.Results are as follows：leaf area index of limb drooping shaped tree is 1.91,gap fraction is 22.903,openness is 27.003,and the mean leaf angle is 82.440.The light energy intercepted by this canopy and the sap flow are less than free spindle and small crown shape trees;yield and water use efficiency are more than any other tree shapes.It＇s clear that limbs drooping shaped canopy has a more reasonable structure,and can reduce water consumption,increase production and guarantee the quality of fruit.

关 键 词：苹果 树形 冠层特征 茎流 

分 类 号：S661.105.1[农业科学—果树学]