一株鸭源H5N1亚型禽流感病毒人工感染鸡的病理学研究  

Pathology of Chickens Experimentally Infected with a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus,A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004(H5N1)

作　　者：李玉谷[1] 张媛[1] 崔聪颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学兽医学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2010年第5期860-867,927,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：广东省科技攻关项目(2004A2090102);广东省教育厅科学基金项目(Z02003)

摘　　要：鸡经肌肉或眼-鼻-口腔-泄殖腔接种禽流感病毒A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004(H5N1)后,发病率和死亡率均为100%,死亡发生在接种后6d内。全身多数器官出现充血、淤血、出血、血栓形成、组织水肿和炎症,主要有血管炎、病毒性心肌炎、病毒性肝炎、气管炎、出血性卡他性肺炎、肾小管性肾炎、肾小球性肾炎、坏死性胰腺炎、坏死性胸腺炎、坏死性法氏囊炎、脾炎、非化脓性脑炎、溃疡性肠炎等。电镜下可见心、肝、肾、胰、脾、胸腺等器官的实质细胞发生坏死和凋亡两种变化。鸡接种该病毒后,通常血清中的天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(谷草转氨酶)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶先升高,后下降;而肌酸激酶则升高,α-淀粉酶则下降。结果表明,许多器官的严重损伤是造成鸡死亡的原因,而该病毒的致病机制可能与细胞坏死和细胞凋亡有关。Chickens inoculated intramuscularly or via the ocular-nasal-oral-cloacal routes with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus,A/duck/Guangdong/220 /2004（H5N1）,developed systematic hyperemia,congestion,hemorrhage,thrombosis,edema and inflammation in various organs,had 100% morbidity and 100% mortality within 6 days post-inoculation.The main manifestations were angiitis,viral myocarditis,viral hepatitis,tracheitis,hemorrhagic catarrhal pneumonia,renal tubule nephritis,glomerular nephritis,necrotic pancreatitis,necrotic thymitis,necrotic bursitis Fabricii,splenitis,nonsuppurative encephalitis,ulcerative enteritis.The electron microscopic studies indicated that necrosis and apoptosis occurred in the heart,liver,kidney,pancreas,spleen,thymus,etc.Usually,the serum aspartate aminotransferase（glutamic-oxaloacetic transminase）,γ-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase increased at first,decreased later,but creatine kinase increased,α-amylase decreased.The results demonstrated that the mechanism of pathogenesis involved cellular necrosis and apoptosis,and that death of the chickens was caused by severe pathological lesion occurring in multiple organs.

关 键 词：H5N1亚型禽流感 病理学 血清酶 鸡 

分 类 号：S858.312.65[农业科学—临床兽医学]