干旱胁迫对不同花生品种光合特性和产量的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Different Peanut Varieties

作　　者：孙爱清[1] 万勇善[1] 刘凤珍[1] 张昆[1] 秦兴国[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2010年第10期32-38,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD21B04);"十一五"国家"863"计划项目(2006AA100106)

摘　　要：通过干旱棚控制土壤水分,研究全生育期干旱对12个花生品种叶绿素含量、光合特性以及产量性状的影响。结果表明:在长期干旱胁迫下,丰花6号、白沙1016等品种叶绿素含量显著下降,而海花1号、丰花5号、丰花4号、丰花2号等品种叶绿素含量增加;各花生品种叶绿素a/b值在干旱胁迫后均显著下降;长期干旱胁迫后各花生品种叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率明显下降,胞间CO2浓度显著上升,说明光合速率下降的主要原因是非气孔限制因素;干旱胁迫导致各花生品种荚果和子仁产量显著降低,丰花5号和丰花1号抗旱性最为突出,抗旱性指数在0.70以上,农大818、丰花3号、鲁花11号、丰花4号也表现出较高的抗旱性。Drought is the main limit factor for peanut to increase yield and improve quality.Twelve peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.） varieties grown in drought shelter under control irrigation were used to study the effects of drought stress on the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics and yield traits.The results showed that the chlorophyll content of some varieties such as Fenghua 6 and Baisha 1016 decreased remarkably,while that of Haihua 1,Fenghua 5,Fenghua 4 and Fenghua 2 increased under drought conditions for a long time.The ratio of Chla/Chlb of every peanut variety significantly decreased under drought stress.The net photosynthesis rate（Pn） and transpiration rate（Tr） of all peanut varieties decreased remarkably,while the internal CO2 concentration（Ci） increased significantly under drought stress for a long time,indicating that the decreased Pn was mainly caused by the non-stomatal limitation.Drought stress significantly decreased the pod and kernel yields of all peanut varieties.Fenghua 5 and Fenghua 1 showed the highest drought resistance with the drought-resistance index beyond 0.70.Nongda 818,Fenghua 3,Luhua 11 and Fenghua 4 also showed higher drought resistance.

关 键 词：花生 抗旱性 光合特性 叶绿素 产量 

分 类 号：S565.201[农业科学—作物学]