玉米新选自交系2个组合6个世代穗行数和行粒数的遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis on Kernel Row Number and Kernel Number Per Row by Using Six Generations of Two Crosses Made from Inbred Lines Newly Bred in Maize( Zea mays L.)

作　　者：石明亮[1,2] 江建华[1] 梁奎[1] 郭媛[1] 薛林 胡加如 黄小兰 洪德林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省沿江地区农业科学研究所,江苏如皋226541

出　　处：《华北农学报》2010年第5期104-111,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：江苏省高技术研究计划(农业)(BG2005309);江苏省农业自主创新资金项目[cx(09)637];南通市科技创新计划(农业)(AL2009006);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B08025);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(PCSIRT0432);教育部科技基础条件平台重点项目(505005)

摘　　要：江苏省沿江地区农科所新选玉米自交系间穗行数和行粒数一般配合力差异较大,分析这些自交系间有利等位基因的分布,有助于自交系的持续改良。本研究选用其中3个自交系组配成2个组合的P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F26个世代,运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型和6个世代联合分析的方法,对穗行数和行粒数2个性状进行了遗传分析。玉米穗行数性状在S1×S3组合中表现为1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传,以多基因遗传为主;在S3×S7组合中表现为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传,以主基因遗传为主。行粒数性状在2个组合中均表现为1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传,主基因遗传为主;多基因位点显性总效应大于加性总效应。研究结果暗示通过有利等位基因聚合改良这些自交系的穗行数比行粒数更有效。There were great differences in general combining ability of kernel row number and kernel number per row in maize（Zea mays L. ） among inbred lines newly bred by Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Area Along Yangtse of Jiangsu Province. It is helpful to improve the inbred lines continuously to analyze distributions of favorable alleles among the inbred lines. Genetic analysis for kernel row number and kernel number per row were conducted by using mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance models and joint segregation analytic method of P1,P2,F1,B1,B2 and F2 generations in two crosses made from the 3 inbred lines. Kernel row number was controlled by one additivedominance major-gene and additive-dominance-epistasis polygenes,and was mainly governed by polygenes in cross S1 S3; whereas in cross S3 S7 the trait was controlled by two additive-dominance-epistasis major-genes and additive-dominance-epistasis polygenes,and was mainly governed by major genes. Kernel number per row was controlled by one additive major-gene and additive-dominance polygenes,and was mainly governed by major gene in both crosses. Total effect of dominance was larger than that of additive in polygene loci. The results suggest that improvement of kernel row number would be more effective than that of kernel number per row in inbred lines by pyramiding favorable alleles.

关 键 词：玉米自交系 穗行数 行粒数 主基因+多基因混合遗传模型 联合分离分析 

分 类 号：S513.03[农业科学—作物学]