化感物质松香酸对辣椒种子萌发、幼苗生长及根际微生物的影响  

Effects of Abietic Acid on Seed Germination,Seedling Growth and Microbial Population in Rhizosphere of Hot Pepper

作　　者：周宝利[1] 李燕[1] 李东[1] 刘娜[1] 宁繁华[2] 侯永侠[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [3]沈阳大学环境工程重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110044

出　　处：《华北农学报》2010年第5期155-160,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"计划资助项目(2004AA247010)

摘　　要：为揭示辣椒连作障碍的机理,本试验探讨了松香酸对辣椒种子萌发、幼苗生长和根际微生物种群数量的影响。利用GC-MS分析的方法,研究了辣椒根系分泌物和连作土壤中的化感物质。结果表明:辣椒根系分泌物和连作土壤的主要化感物质为松香酸、十四酸甲酯、十八酸甲酯和(2-乙基-6甲基苯)-N-(乙氧甲基)-2-氯代乙酰胺。并采用模拟的方法,研究了化感物质松香酸对辣椒种子萌发、幼苗生长发育及根际微生物的效应。对松香酸的生物测定结果显示,当浓度为0.05g/L时,松香酸促进辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长发育,其余浓度则表现为抑制作用,并且随着浓度的加大抑制作用增强,当浓度为0.25g/L时抑制作用最大。同时外源松香酸使根际微生物总量和放线菌数量(A)减少,真菌(F)和细菌(B)的数量增加,B/F比值升高,而A/F比值降低。本试验结果说明松香酸对辣椒种子萌发、幼苗生长和根际微生物有较强的自毒作用。The effects of abietic acid on seed germination,seedling growth and rhizosphere microbial populations of hot pepper were discussed. The allelochemicals in root exudates of hot pepper and monoculture soil were studied by GC-MS methods. The results showed that the main allelochemicals were identified as abietic acid,methyl tetradecanoate,octadecanoic acid,methyl ester,and acetamide 2-chloro-N-（ethoxymthyl） -N-（2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl,Allelopathic effects of abietic acid exudated by hot pepper root to seedling germination,growth and microbial population in rhizosphere soil were studied by using simulative method. The bioassay results indicated that abietic acid promoted seed germination and seedling growth of hot pepper at 0. 05 g /L. Whereas,inhibitory effects were found at other concentrations,and effects inhibitory rates were enhanced along with concentration increase. The maximum stimulative effect occurred at 0. 25 g /L. Compared with the control,abietic acid changed microbial community structure in rhizosphere of hot pepper,with decrease of actinomyces（A） and the ratios of A to F,increase of bacteria（B） ,fungi（F） ,and the ratios of B to F. The results indicated that abietic acid have strong autotoxic effects on seed germination,seedling growth and microbial population in rhizosphere soil of hot pepper.

关 键 词：辣椒 化感物质 松香酸 自毒作用 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]