辽宁双台河口自然保护区旅游区鸟类群落结构分析  

The Analysis of Bird Community Structure in the Tourist Area of Shuangtaihekou Nature Reserve in Liaoning Province

作　　者：梅玫[1] 李玉祥 金洪阳[1] 杨玉成 邹红菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]辽宁双台河口自然保护区,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《四川动物》2010年第6期918-924,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划

摘　　要：2009年3～11月调查了双台河口自然保护区旅游区的鸟类,共记录到鸟类88种,隶属13目30科,其中水鸟44种。地理区系以古北界为主(占59%),居留类型以夏候鸟为主(占57.95%)。群落数量的季节变化并不明显,总的来说为夏季略高于春秋季,种类以春季最多(65种),秋季次之(45种),夏季最少(39种)。水鸟的数量组成中,以鹭类和鸥类最大,水鸟种类组成有较明显的季节性变化。春季鸟类群落的多样性和均匀度指数均最高,分别为3.2和0.76。物种类型最丰富的生境类型是芦苇沼泽生境,密度最大的为鱼塘生境。不同生境类型的多样性和均匀度指数均存在季节差异。对鸟类群落造成影响的主要因子包括不规范的旅游活动、围河造田等。An investigation on the bird resources in the tourist area of Shuangtaihekou Nature Reserve was conducted from March to November 2009. A total of 88 species belonging to 30 families and 13 orders were recorded, among which, 44 species were waterfowl. The geographic regions are mainly the Palaearctic realm （59% of the total）. The residence types are mainly summer migrants （ accounting for 57.95% of the total）. The seasonal change of the quantity of birds in the commu- nity is not very clear and generally it is slightly higher in summer and less in spring and autumn. The species number rea- ches the highest value in spring （65 species）, followed by autumn （45 species）, and the least in summer （39 species）. The Ardeidae and Laridae have the biggest quantity among the components of the waterfowl. The components of the species number have a significant seasonal change during the year. The diversity index and evenness index reached the highest level in spring, which were 3.2 and O. 76 respectively. The reed swamp habitat bad the largest number of species and the fish ponds habitat had the largest density of birds. The diversity index and evenness index in the different habitats had seasonal differences. The main factors affecting the bird community include non-standard types of tourism and land reclamation along the river.

关 键 词：鸟类群落 双台河口自然保护区 旅游区 影响因子 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q959.7