上海典型植物群落土壤微生物生物量碳、呼吸强度及酶活性比较  

Comparison of Microbial Biomass C,Respiration Rate and Enzyme Activities under Typical Urban Plant Communities in Shanghai

作　　者：郝瑞军[1] 方海兰[1] 车玉萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2010年第5期442-448,共7页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2007)第10-1号]

摘　　要：选择上海市5种典型植物群落土壤采样并布置室内恒温培养试验,比较了不同群落间土壤微生物生物量碳、呼吸强度和酶活性大小。结果表明,与草坪土壤相比,种植香樟、池杉、桂花、竹林等深根系乔灌木均可显著提高土壤剖面中有机碳及养分含量。不同植物群落的土壤生物学性质差异显著,表层(0～20 cm)土壤中微生物生物量碳、微生物商高低顺序为桂花>竹林>草坪>池杉>香樟,而亚表层(20～40 cm)与底层(40～60 cm)土层中微生物生物量碳及微生物商均以草坪最低,高低顺序分别为:桂花>香樟>竹林>池杉>草坪、香樟>竹林>桂花>与池杉>草坪。表层和亚表层土壤中呼吸强度均以桂花群落最高,其他几种群落间的差异不明显(P>0.05);底层土壤中香樟、桂花、竹林、草坪之间呼吸强度无明显差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于池杉(P<0.05)。草坪土壤各层次的脲酶、转化酶、磷酸酶均较低,而香樟等深根系植物下层土壤3种酶活性显著高于其他群落(P<0.05)。结果还表明,同一植物群落土壤养分、微生物生物量碳、呼吸强度及酶活性均随土层深度增加而降低,并且表层显著高于下层(P<0.05)。研究结果初步说明,深根系乔灌木能显著土壤养分含量和生物活性,适合在园林植物景观配置中使用。Soil samples under five typical urban plant communities were collected in Shanghai Gongqing Forest Park and soil microbialbiomass carbon （MBC）, respiration rate and enzyme activities was analyzed. Resuhs showed that, compared to lawn soil deep-root plants such as Osmanthus fragrans thunbe rgii, Cinnamomum camphor, Taxodium asce nde ns, Bamb usa multiplex can increase the content of soil organic carbon （SOC） and soil nutrients in the whole soil profile, but MBC, respiration rate were significantly different among different plant communities, the sequence of MBC and microbial quotient in the upper soil 0-20 cm） layer was Osmanthusfragrans thunbergii 〉 Bambusa multiplex 〉 Loliumperenne 〉 Taxodium ascende ns 〉 Cinnamomum camphora but in the layer of 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm, the sequence were Osmanthus fragrans thunbergii 〉 Cinnamomum camphoru 〉 Bambusa multiplex 〉 Taxodium ascendens 〉 Loliumperenne and Cinnamomum camphora 〉 Bambus a multiplex 〉 Osmanthus fragrans Vat. thunbergii 〉 Taxodium ascendens 〉 Lolium perenne respectively; The respiration rate was highest under the Osmanthusfragrans Var. thunbergii in the layer of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, and the difference was not significantly among the other plant communitieg Soil respiration rate in the layer of 40-60 cm were not different significantly under Cinnamomum camphora, Osmanthusfragrans Var. thunbergii Bamb usamultiplex, Loliumperenne, but all higher than the Taxodium aseendens; The enzyme activity （urease, invertase, phosphatase） in lawn soil was relatively low in the whole soil profile, especially in the bottom soillayel; but the deep-root plants can significantly increase the enzyme activity in the bottom layer. Results also showed that the soil nutrients, MBC, respiration rate and enzyme activity were all decreased along with the increasing of soil depth. This data illustrate that deep-root plants can increase the soil nutrients and soil activity, and can be used in the city greening.

关 键 词：植物群落 微生物生物量碳 呼吸强度 酶活性 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]