奶牛体外受精胚胎的性别控制研究  

Study on Sex Control of Bovine Embryos in vitro Fertilization

作　　者：李晓晨[1,2] 李华[1,3] 蔡勤[1] 曹辉[1] 黄英[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属儿童医院,上海医学遗传研究所,上海200040 [2]上海交通大学医学院,上海200025 [3]卫生部医学胚胎分子生物学重点实验室暨上海市胚胎与生殖工程重点实验室,上海200040

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2010年第11期119-122,共4页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：上海市重点实验室及专项资金项目(036511001)

摘　　要：为加速母牛胚胎的生产,实现性控制胚胎产业化和体外扩繁优质品种的奶业工程发展,本研究在体外受精技术(invitro fertilization,IVF)不断成熟和完善的基础上,通过对牛非性控IVF胚胎与常规人工受精体内胚胎移植的妊娠成功率及其两者出生后牛的性别比例进行比较分析,结果发现,两组妊娠成功率基本相同,且IVF胚胎出生的公牛比例高于体内胚;采用性控和非性控精液进行IVF试验,并对非性控IVF胚胎及性控IVF胚胎用牛Y染色体性别决定特异基因(SRY)核心序列进行分子生物学性别鉴定,结果显示,性控IVF胚胎的公牛比例显著低于普通IVF胚胎;此外,作者还比较了性控IVF与普通非性控IVF的囊胚发育率,结果显示两者并无显著差异。以上研究结果证明,体外扩繁优质良种母牛的奶业工程必须依靠性别控制体外授精技术来提高其效率和有效性。In vitro fertilization（IVF）technique has been maturity and more perfect,so it had setting solid foundation for the development and industrialization in cowin vitro-propagation.In this study,pregnancy rate and calf sex ratio of the nonsex control IVF embryos with artificial insemination were compared,and it was found that pregnancy rate was same between two groups and the proportion of male in the IVF group was higher than internal fertilized group.Selecting the sex control and non-sex control seminal fluid to carry out IVF test,followed by molecular identification of cowSRYgene for the non-sex control and the sex control IVF embryos.The results showed that the male proportion of sex control IVF embryos was obviously lower than the non-sex control group.In addition,the authors also compared the blastocyst rate of the sex control with non-sex control IVF embryos,but there was no-remarkable difference between the two groups.It demonstrated that sex control IVF could be used to accelerate the industrialization of high-quality cow embryos.This study encouraged that sex control IVF embryos propagation will be the applied prospect of improving dairy industry,and realize the sex control embryos industrialization.

关 键 词：牛体外扩繁技术 体外受精 胚胎移植 性别控制 

分 类 号：S814.4[农业科学—畜牧学]