光照对棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠活动性的影响  

Effect of light on activity patterns of Mandarin voles ( Lasiopodomys mandarinus) and KM mice ( Mus musculus)

作　　者：杨艳艳[1] 王振龙[1] 路纪琪[1] 刘彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生物多样性与生态学研究所,郑州450001

出　　处：《兽类学报》2010年第4期424-429,共6页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB109106);河南省动物学重点学科项目

摘　　要：光照对啮齿动物的行为格局和活动节律有着重要的影响。本研究以比较生物学方法,以光照强度和鼠种两个因素,在实验室内利用动物行为监视系统,以焦点动物取样法(Focus animal sampling),在<20Lux、200Lux、800Lux和1600Lux等4个水平的光照强度下,监测和记录棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠的移动和静止行为,并在实验结束时测定实验动物的体重;在800Lux光照强度下,设置正常(12L∶12D)和全黑(0L∶24D)两种光照时间,连续12h监测并记录实验动物的行为。采用双因素方差分析方法对数据进行统计分析。结果表明:1)光强与鼠种对静止行为存在显著交互作用,棕色田鼠的静止行为与光强间存在显著的负相关关系,而昆明小鼠的静止行为则与光强无显著的相关;2)光强对两种动物移动行为的影响与静止行为表现方式相反;3)在12h的光暴露条件下,棕色田鼠的相对活动显著强于昆明小鼠;4)光强对两种动物体重的影响不同,棕色田鼠体重与光强呈正相关关系,昆明小鼠与光强呈负相关关系,但差异不显著。本研究进一步验证了地面鼠与地下鼠对光强适应的差别。Light exerts an important influence on activity patterns of nocturnal and diurnal mammals. Under laboratory conditions and exposed to four levels of light intensity, 20 Lux,200 Lux,800 Lux,and 1 600 Lux,variations in body mass and behavior of Mandarin vole （ Lasiopodomys mandarinus） and KM mouse （ Mus musculus） were investigated via employing focal animal sampling auto-video system for 24 hr. Under a light intensity of 800 Lux,behavior of experimental animals were recorded for 12 hr with different light durations （ 12L∶ 12D and 0L∶ 24D） . The data were analyzed by using twoway ANOVA in SPSS for Windows （ version 13. 0） . The results showed that： 1） the interaction between light intensity and species was remarkable,the resting behavior was significantly and negatively related to light intensity in Mandarin voles, while this behavior was not significantly affected by light intensity in KM mice; 2） behavioral patterns of movement were to the reverse of resting behavior mentioned above both in Mandarin voles and KM mice; 3） under high light conditions,the relative activity in Mandarin voles was significantly greater than that in KM mice; and 4） light intensity differentially influenced body masses of the two rodent species： body mass was positively related to light intensity in Mandarin voles,whereas body mass in KM mice appeared not to be remarkably affected by light intensity. This research tested different light adaptations between subterranean and ground inhabiting rodent species. Light would enhance activities for subterranean rodents, and appeared to change activity pattern unobvious.

关 键 词：棕色田鼠 昆明小鼠 光强 活动性 体重 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]