矮败型广亲和粳稻不育系的遗传改良及生物学特性研究  

Genetic Improvement and Biological Characteristic Analysis of Dwarf Abortive Type Japonica Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line with Wide Compatibility

作　　者：宋昕蔚[1] 林建荣[1] 吴明国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2010年第6期595-600,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2010AA101301);浙江省重点项目(2008C22074);浙江省0406计划资助项目;浙江省农业科技成果转化资金资助项目;中国水稻研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(2009RG001-5);农业部"中国超级稻选育与试验示范"项目

摘　　要：从粳稻不育系遗传改良方法研究的角度,介绍了广亲和粳稻不育系矮败型春江95A的选育经过,并以矮败型春江95A及其同核异质不育系滇Ⅰ型春江95A等为试验材料,开展相关生物学特性研究。结果表明,矮败型春江95A属偏粳型不育系,花粉败育类型以典败为主,育性稳定性明显好于染败型粳稻不育系,矮败型春江95A具有柱头外露率高、开花习性良好、异交结实率高和广亲和性好等特点,其可恢复性不同于染败型粳稻不育系。另外,还对典败型粳稻不育系的遗传改良及其杂种优势的应用前景进行了讨论。From the view of methodology for genetic improvement of japonica cytoplasmic male sterile（CMS）lines,the breeding of the dwarf-abortive type（DA type）japonica CMS line Chunjiang 95Awith wide compatibility was described.The biological characteristics of the DA type Chunjiang 95Aand its isonuclear alloplasmic CMS line Dian-I type Chunjiang 95Awere investigated.The results showed that the DA type Chunjiang 95Awas a japonicalinous CMS line and mainly typical abortive,and had a better fertility stability than stained abortion type japonica CMS lines.The DA type Chunjiang 95Awas featured by high stigma exsertion,good flowering habit,high outcrossing rate and wide compatibility.Its recoverability was different from stained abortion type japonica CMS lines.In addition,genetic improvement of the typical abortion type japonica CMS lines and the application prospects of heterosis were discussed.

关 键 词：广亲和性 粳稻 不育系 柱头外露率 育种 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]