藏族习惯法中的神明裁判探析  

Analysis on Ordeal in Tibetan Customary Law

作　　者：后宏伟[1] 刘艺工[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃民族师范学院政法与经济管理系,甘肃合作747000 [2]大连理工大学人文学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《西藏研究》2010年第5期94-103,共10页Tibetan Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"西部大开发过程中藏族习惯法与国家法律关系研究"(项目批准号:07BFX011)阶段性成果;教育部人文社科项目"中国藏区法制变迁研究"(项目批准号:06JA820023)阶段性成果

摘　　要：神明裁判作为一种法律文化现象,曾普遍存在于世界许多民族的历史中。藏民族神明裁判历史悠久,并一直延续到民主改革之前。神明裁判有其存在的认识、现实和程序制度基础;形式多样,内容丰富;具有古老性、宗教性、替代性、反科学性和终局性特点。其实质是审判人员利用本部落或地区通行的人们对神灵的虔诚和敬畏心理,依托神灵做出裁判的纠纷解决机制。在今日藏区,神明裁判在形式上虽然已不复存在,但受文化惯性影响,神明裁判的观念仍然存在。对其进行客观分析,理性批判,揭示其本质,既有利于维护藏区稳定,推动社会主义法治建设,也有利于和谐社会的构建。As a legal cultural phenomenon,Ordeal has existed in the histony of many ethnic groups.Tibetan people＇s ordeal has a long history and had been survived till the democratic reform in 1959.Ordeal has its knowledgeable,realistic and institutional foundation with many forms and rich content.Ordeal has traditional,religious,complementary,anti-scientific and final judicial characteristics.It played an important role in Tibetan traditional society.In today＇s Tibet,ordeal in realistic form doesn＇t exit any longer,but the concept of ordeal is still alive.Doing objective analysis and rational criticism on ordeal will be helpful for maintaining social stability,promoting the legal construction of socialism and building a harmonious society in Tibetan area.

关 键 词：藏族习惯法 神明裁判 宗教信仰 

分 类 号：D927[政治法律—法学]