深海表层海泥模拟及地面力学特性研究  

SIMULATION AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TERRAMECHANICS OF THE SURFACE SOIL ON DEEP-SEA BED

作　　者：李力[1,2] 李庶林[3] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学机电学院,长沙410083 [2]深海矿产资源开发与利用国家重点实验室(筹),长沙410012 [3]厦门大学建筑与土木工程学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《工程力学》2010年第11期213-220,共8页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50275152)

摘　　要：深海表层海泥车辆地面力学特性是开发大洋矿产资源-多金属结核采矿车的理论基础。该文深入研究深海表层海泥样品和陆地二种膨润土的物理性质,确定深海表层模拟海泥的原料,分析深海表层海泥和模拟海泥的物理力学参数,配制出具有极高含水量、极小内摩擦角、高液限、高塑性、大孔隙比、低强度和低重度等深海表层海泥特性的模拟海泥,根据车辆地面力学理论,开展多种平板在垂直方向上的海泥载荷-沉陷实验和不同节距、不同齿高、不同齿形和不同齿宽的履带齿板在水平力作用下的海泥剪切应力-位移实验,深入分析实验数据,国内首次提出基于Bekker理论和Reece理论的深海表层海泥的二种载荷与沉陷特性,及深海表层海泥的剪切应力和位移特性,深入分析我国多金属结核采矿车在深海表层海泥上行走时履带牵引力与打滑率特性,为进一步开发海底采矿车提供了设计依据和理论。Characteristics of terramechanics of the surface soil on deep-sea bed are fundamental for the development of the miner of oceanic mineral resource-the polymetallic nodules on deep-sea floor. The physical properties of samples of the surface soil on deep-sea bed and two kinds of bentonite on land are lucubrated, and their properties are compared in details. Then the samples with similar physical properties to the surface soil on deep-sea is chosen to simulate the deep-sea soil. The paper analyzes the physical and mechanical parameters of both the surface soil on deep-sea bed and the simulating soil which is the bentonite-water mixture. With these parameters obtained, the simulating soil is made with high water rate, small inner friction angle, high liquid limit, high plastic exponent, big hole rate, low strength and low density. According to the terramechanics theory, experiments are carried out to characterize the pressure-sinkage relationship and the shear stress-shear displacement relationship. The experiment uses different flat plates at the vertical direction and track plates at the horizontal direction. The track plates have different teeth, pitch and height. Two expressions of the pressure-sinkage relationship are built based on Bekker theory and Reece theory respectively, as well as the shear stress-shear displacement relationship. Finally, the relationship between the driving force and slip rate of thesurface soil is given, which can be used to analyze the polymetallic nodules miner in China.

关 键 词：地面力学 深海表层海泥 实验 载荷-沉陷特性 剪切应力-位移特性 

分 类 号：TU318[建筑科学—结构工程] TU411.3