皮下隧道股静脉穿刺置管用于重型颅脑损伤患者的观察与护理  

Observation and nursing of subcutaneous tunnel of femoral vein puncture used for patients with severe craniocerebral trauma

作　　者：周庆云[1] 赖敏贞[1] 曾佩[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院附属医院,湛江524001

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2010年第11期1752-1754,共3页international journal of nursing

摘　　要：目的观察经皮下隧道股静脉穿刺置管用于重型颅脑损伤患者在减少导管并发症及导管相关性感染方面的效果。方法将139例重型颅脑损伤所致昏迷患者随机分为两组，观察组（n=70）采用经皮下隧道股静脉穿刺置管法建立静脉通道；对照组（n=69）采用传统股静脉穿刺置管法。两组均实施预防性护理措施。观察导管阻塞、脱落、导管相关性感染等并发症以及留管时间。结果观察组留管时间长于对照组，导管脱落及相关性感染较对照组少，差异有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。而导管阻塞的发生两组无差异（P〉0．05）。结论经皮下隧道股静脉穿刺置管配合预防性护理措施能有效降低导管并发症特别是导管相关性感染的发生率，延长留管时间，适合需长时间保留静脉通道的患者。Objective To observe the clinical effect of subcutaneous tunnel of femoral vein puncture used for patients with severe craniocerebral trauma to reduce related infection and complications caused by the canal Methods A total of 139 unconscious severe craniocerebral injured patients were divided into two groups in random： observation group （ n =70） and control group （ n = 69） . The patients in observation group were set up a vein routeway through subcutaneous tunnel of femoral vein puncture, while patients in the control group were set up a vein routeway through tradition -al femoral vein puncture. The complications of canal shedding, related infection and the puncture place infection and the time of retuning the canal were observed. Results The retaining canal time of observation group was longer than that of the control group, and the puncture place infection of the observation group was less than that of the control group. The difference was very remarkable （P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ） . But the occurrence rate of canal blecking of the two groups had no difference （ P 〉 0.05 ） . Conclusiom The occurrence rate of syndrome of canal especially canal related infection can be reduced and the retaining canal time can be extended by means of setting up vein routeway through subcutaneous tunnel of femoral vein puncture plus prophylactic nursing intervention. The method can be applied to the patients in need of long - term keeping transfusing passage.

关 键 词：皮下隧道 股静脉穿刺 颅脑损伤 护理 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]