苯并咪唑阳离子缩醛型表面活性剂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Acetal Cationic Surfactant Containing Benzimidazole

作　　者：翟文杰[1] 马腾[1] 乔鹏伟[1] 姜姗姗[1] 谢柑华[1] 张昭[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学化学化工学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《精细化工》2010年第11期1060-1063,共4页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：山西省留学归国基金(200817)~~

摘　　要：以醛、环氧溴丙烷、苯并咪唑为原料制备1-[(2-烷基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-苯并咪唑,再与硫酸二甲酯反应合成两种含苯并咪唑的缩醛型可分解阳离子表面活性剂:1-[(2-己基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-甲基-苯并咪唑甲基硫酸盐(3a)和1-[(2-壬基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-甲基-苯并咪唑甲基硫酸盐(3b).对中间体1-[(2-壬基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-苯并咪唑(2b)的合成条件进行优化选择,其较佳的合成条件:甲苯为溶剂,n(癸缩醛)∶n(苯并咪唑)n∶(NaOH)=11∶.1∶4,回流24 h,所得中间体(2b)产率52.0%.分别测定3a、3b的表面性能,测定结果为:20℃时临界胶束浓度1.4×10-3mol/L和1.2×10-3mol/L;Krafft点均低于20℃;泡沫稳定性70.2%和77.4%;乳化性31 min和33 min.所有中间体和目标化合物结构经IR1、HNMR表征.1-[（2-Alkyl-1,3-dioxane-4） methyl]-1-benzimidazole was prepared through the condensation reaction using aldehyde,epoxy bromopropane and benzimidazole as raw materials.The resulting product reacted with dimethyl sulfate to give two acetal cationic surfactants containing benzimidazole of 1-[（2-hexyl-1,3-dioxane-4） methyl]-1-methyl-methyl sulfate benzimidazole（3a） and 1-[（2-nonyl-1,3-dioxane-4） methyl]-1-methyl-methyl sulfate benzimidazole（3b）.The optimal synthetic condition of intermediate [（2-nonyl-1,3-dioxane-4） methyl]-1-benzimidazole was：n（capric acetal）∶n（benzimidazole）∶n（NaOH）=1∶1.1∶4,refluxing for 24 h.The yield of intermediate was 52.0%.The surface properties of 3a and 3b were measured.The critical micelle concentrations were 1.4×10-3 mol/L and 1.2×10-3 mol/L in 20 ℃;Krafft points were lower than 20 ℃;foam stability was 70.2% and 77.4%;emulsification time was 31 min and 33 min.The structure of intermediate and target compounds were characterized by IR,1HNMR spectra.

关 键 词：缩醛 苯并咪唑 可分解 阳离子表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]