太湖沉积物及孔隙水中氮的时空分布特征  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Nitrogen Species in Sediment and Interstitial Waters of Taihu Lake

作　　者：张彦[1,2] 张远[2] 于涛[2] 宋晓娜[3] 冯启言[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国环境科学研究院河流与海岸带环境创新基地,北京100012 [3]中国石油大学(北京)资源与信息学院,北京102249

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2010年第11期1333-1342,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2008CB418201)

摘　　要：通过2009年4月和9月2次大规模采样监测,研究了太湖沉积物和孔隙水中不同形态氮的时空分布规律.结果表明:太湖沉积物和孔隙水中不同形态的氮在垂向变化上没有明显的季节性差异.沉积物中氮在水平分布上表现为w(TN),w(NH4+-N)和w(NO3--N)在北部湖区和东部湖区较高,而在湖心区较低;在深度变化上,w(TN)从下往上逐渐增大,而w(NH4+-N)却呈相反的趋势,w(NO3--N)没有明显变化.沉积物中w(有机氮)占w(TN)的80%,二者之间有很好的相关性(R=0.894,P<动态信息0.01),w(TN)主要受w(有机氮)影响.孔隙水中的氮在水平分布上表现为ρ(TN),ρ(NH4+-N)和ρ(NO3--N)与沉积物中的氮分布基本一致;垂直变化上,孔隙水ρ(TN)和ρ(NH4+-N)从下向上逐渐减小,而ρ(NO3--N)无明显变化规律;孔隙水中ρ(NH4+-N)占ρ(TN)的50%,二者之间也有很好的相关性(R=0.886,P<0.01),ρ(TN)主要受ρ(NH4+-N)的影响.分析显示,2种介质中3种形态的氮有很好的相关性.对沉积物中不同类型的有机质和各形态氮的相关分析发现,沉积物中有机质的类型和含量是影响氮素迁移转化的重要因素.Based on vast sampling work conducted in April and September of 2009,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of various species of nitrogen in the porewater and sediments of Taihu Lake were analyzed.The results showed that the vertical distributions of nitrogen in different forms had no significant seasonal differences in either the porewater or the sediment.As for horizontal distribution,the contents of TN,NH4^＋-N and NO3ˉ-N in the sediment were relatively higher in the northern and eastern regions of the lake than those in the central part of the lake.For vertical distribution,the content of TN increased gradually from the bottom to the top,while the content of NH4^＋-N had the opposite trend.The content of NO3ˉ-N presented irregular variations.The content of organic nitrogen accounted for 80% of TN content,with significant positive correlation（R = 0.894,P〈0.01）.Therefore,TN content was influenced mostly by organic nitrogen content.For horizontal distribution,the concentrations of TN,NH4^＋-N and NO3ˉ-N in the porewater presented similar variation trends to those in the sediment.In terms of vertical variation,the concentrations of TN and NH4^＋-N gradually decreased from bottom to top of the porewater,whereas the change of NO3ˉ-N concentration showed no apparent trend.In the porewater,the concentration of NH4^＋-N accounted for 50% of the TN concentration,also with significant positive correlation（R = 0.886,P〈0.01）.Therefore,TN concentration was influenced predominantly by the concentration of NH4^＋-N.The results revealed that in these two mediums,different forms of nitrogen had significant positive correlations.The correlation between different types of organic matter in the sediment and different forms of nitrogen were also analyzed.The results indicated that the type and amount of organic matter were the main factors influencing the transportation and transformation of nitrogen.

关 键 词：太湖 时空分布 沉积物 孔隙水 氮 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]