青藏高原近30年来现代冰川的演化特征  

The Evolution of Existing Glaciers in the Past 30 Years in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：张瑞江[1] 方洪宾[1] 赵福岳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2010年第B11期49-53,共5页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"青藏高原生态地质环境遥感调查与监测"(编号:1212010510218)

摘　　要：青藏高原现代冰川总的演化特征是面积在不断缩小,厚度在不断减薄,冰储量在不断降低。冰川演化具有阶段性、地域性不同的特点。从20世纪60年代末期至80年代末期,青藏高原现代冰川的面积稍有增加,因为增加的冰川很少。从20世纪80年代末期开始,青藏高原现代冰川面积明显减少,减少的速度也在加快,尤其是毗邻塔里木盆地的冰川分布区及喜马拉雅山地区。青藏高原不同山系现代冰川的演化也不同——帕米尔高原现代冰川面积的减少最为明显,其次是喜马拉雅山和祁连山等地;羌塘高原和昆仑山地区现代冰川的面积减少较小;其他山系现代冰川面积的减少介于二者之间。Qinghai - Tibet Plateau is a region with the largest area of glaciers in China and is hence called the water tower of Asia. The glaciers supply lots of water source for the rivers in China and Southeast Asia. The key characteristics of glacier evolution in Qinghai - Tibet Plateau are their incessant area shrinkage, continuous thinning of their thickness and ceaseless reduction of their ice reserves. The evolution of glaciers varies at different stages and in different places. From the end of 1960＇ s to the end of 1980＇ s, the area of glaciers increased slightly due to the slight increase of glaciers. Since the end of 1980＇ s, the area of glaciers has shrunk sharply, and their decreasing speed is faster than ever before, especially in the districts around Tarim Basin and Himalaya Mountains. The area reduction of existing glaciers in Pamirs Plateau is the largest in Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau. The area reduction of existing glaciers in Himalaya and Qilian Mountains are also rather considerable. The area reduction of existing glaciers in Qiangtang Plateau and Kunlun Mountains are relatively small.

关 键 词：现代冰川 冰川演化 青藏高原 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]