基于地质环境遥感调查与监测数据探讨洞庭湖演变规律  

A Discussion on the Evolution of the Dongting Lake Based on Geo-environmental Remote Sensing Investigation and Monitoring Data

作　　者：姜端午 黄树春 张苑平 余德清 

机构地区：[1]湖南省地质环境监测总站,长沙410007

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2010年第B11期124-129,共6页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"长江流域基础地质遥感调查与监测"(编号:1212010911081)

摘　　要：20世纪70年代、2000年和2007年3期地质环境遥感调查与监测结果表明:洞庭湖地区存在新构造活动,断陷盆地仍处于构造沉降期。三峡水库蓄水以前,泥沙淤积严重,湖泊快速变小,自然湿地变少,人工湿地增多;三峡水库蓄水以后,湖泊岸带变化小,自然湿地和人工湿地变化不大,洲滩发育出现分化;周边及上游水土流失、荒漠化状况不断好转。三峡水库运行后,由于入湖泥沙、水量减少,东洞庭湖将延续淤积变小趋势,但速度有所放缓;南洞庭湖将冲刷加深但面积不会变小;目平湖将延续原有冲淤状况,淤积继续增高,但速度有所放缓。洞庭湖的环境问题将不再是洪水和泥沙淤积,而是枯水期水位降低和地下水水位降低,以及由此引起的干旱、农业鼠害、排污能力降低等其他环境问题。The results of geological environment remote sensing investigation and monitoring in the 1970＇ s, 2000 and 2007 show that new - tectonic activities do exist in Dongting Lake area, the rift basin is still in the tectonic subsidence phase, and the changes of the geological environment in Dongting Lake area before and after the storage of water in the Three Gorges Reservoir are obvious. All this indicates the evolution regularity of erosion and deposition in the Dongting Lake, that is, the East Dongting Lake will continue to become smaller, but the speed will slow down;the South Dongting Lake will experience deepened scouring, but the area will not become smaller; and the Muping Lake will remain in the original scour state and continue to suffer silting up, but the speed will slow down. The environmental problem in the Dongting Lake will become the problem of lower water level and decreased ground water level in dry season instead of the floods and siltation.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 地质环境 遥感监测 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]