再论耆英外交  

Re-evaluating the Diplomatic Activity of Qi Ying

作　　者：李少军[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,教授历史学博士湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《史学月刊》2010年第12期32-40,116,共10页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：耆英在鸦片战争末期竭力促成清廷对英投降,对《南京条约》的订立负有不可推卸的责任;在鸦片战争结束后,耆英是清政府对西方政策的重要策划者和主要执行者,其外交活动没有改变投降性质,那种肯定耆英在中英围绕《海关税则》的谈判中的行为,认为他坚持禁烟立场、以睿智收回舟山、理智处理中外冲突事件的观点不能成立;耆英没有改变、而是沿袭了清朝消极对外的不良积习,并未超出中国古代政治观念的藩篱,他也没有"师夷长技"的坚定志向和实绩。肯定耆英对外开放、平等、开明、进步的观点并无根据。In recent years,some academics think that the diplomatic activity of Qi Ying is successful,but this view is in-correct.By analyzed the historical fact,we can make a conclusion that in the last period of Opium War,Qi Ying advocated the Qing government should surrender to the Britain,and he must take responsibility for the Sino-British Treaty of Nanking,his diplomatic activity is belong to treason.After this war,although he was the important mastermind and executor about the external policy in Qing government,his diplomatic standpoint was not changed.Some academics ap-prove his behavior in the negotiation of Sino-British customs tariff;think that he held the stand of the ban on opiumsmoking,regain the lost Zhoushan cleverly,and handled conflict intelligently.All of this view is not correct;the diplomatic activity of Qi Ying was just followed the bad habit of passive to the foreign.He never had the courage to break the traditional idea,or learn from the enemy.The view which believed Qi Ying was open-minded and equitable is no ba-sis in fact.

关 键 词：耆英 外交 鸦片战争 

分 类 号：K253[历史地理—历史学]