额尔古纳河流域秋季浮游动物群落结构特征  

Community Structure Characteristics of Zooplankton in Argun Drainage Area in Autumn

作　　者：姜英[1] 姚锦仙[1,2] 庞科[1] 王昊[1,2] 刘松涛 吕植[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学自然保护与社会发展研究中心,北京100871 [3]达赉湖国家级自然保护区管理局,海拉尔021008

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期870-876,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40602001);科技部科学基础性工作专项(2007FY210100)资助

摘　　要：2008年8—9月对额尔古纳河流域的重要水体呼伦湖、二卡湿地、乌兰泡、根河、伊敏河和哈乌尔河中的浮游动物进行调查,共鉴定浮游动物52种42属。其群落特征如下:1)轮虫共18种15属,占总种数的34.6%,枝角类9属14种,占26.9%,原生动物11属12种,占23.1%,桡足类7属8种,占15.4%;2)呼伦湖和二卡湿地浮游动物种类最多,分别为36种和34种,根河和哈乌尔河物种数均小于10种;3)浮游动物的密度和生物量均以二卡湿地最高,分别为4650.5ind/L,2.29mg/L,其次是呼伦湖和乌兰泡,分别为2274.5ind/L,1.35mg/L和4180.1ind/L,1.18mg/L,根河、哈乌尔河和伊敏河均较低。根据种类数、密度和生物量对额尔古纳河流域重要水体的水质状况进行评价:二卡湿地、呼伦湖和乌兰泡为中营养水体,根河、伊敏河和哈乌尔河为贫营养水体;呼伦湖浮游动物群落组成的改变显示其富营养化程度增加。Among August-September 2008, the authors collected zooplanktons from Argun drainage area which included Hulun Lake, Erka Marsh, Wulan Lake, Gen River, Yimin River and Hawuer River. A total of 52 species belonging to 42 genera were identified. Rotifers were 18 species （34.6% of the total） of 15 genera; Cladocerans 14 species （26.9%） of 9 genera; Protozoas 12 species （23.1%） of 11 genera and Copepods 8 species （15.4%） of 7 genera. Hulun Lake and Erka Marsh had the most species, respectively 36 and 34. Gen River and Hawuer River were below 10 species. Erka Marsh had the most density and biomass （4650. 5 ind/L and 2.29 mg/L, respectively） ; then Hulun Lake and Wulan Lake （2274. 5 ind/L, 1.35 mg/L and 4180. 1 ind/L, 1. 18 mg/L, respectively） ; Gen River, Hawuer River and Yimin River had the least density and biomass. According to the water trophic status indicators from species number, density and average biomass, Erka Marsh, Hulun Lake and Wulan Lake were mesotrophic waters; Gen River, Yimin River and Hawuer River were oligotrophic waters. Meanwhile, the structure shift of zooplankton community in Hulun Lake indicate increasing in chemical nutrients.

关 键 词：浮游动物 多样性 额尔古纳河流域 水质评价 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]