金龟子绿僵菌对棉花枯萎病菌的拮抗作用研究  

Inhibitory Mechanisms of Metarhizium Anisopliae Against the Pathogens of Fusarium Wilt of Cotton

作　　者：齐永霞[1] 陈方新[1] 李增智[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学微生物防治省重点实验室,合肥230036

出　　处：《棉花学报》2010年第6期591-596,共6页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972368)

摘　　要：在实验室条件下,研究了虫生真菌金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)对棉花枯萎病菌尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.vasinfectum)的拮抗作用及其机制。对峙培养结果表明,金龟子绿僵菌的3个供试菌株对3株枯萎病菌均有抑制作用,其中以Ma55抑制效果最好。在培养基中加入Ma55不同浓度的孢子悬浮液,当浓度为3.25×106 cfu.mL-1时,5 d后,对3株枯萎病菌菌丝生长的抑制率均超过70%。Ma55液体振荡培养20 d获得的无菌发酵液对3个枯萎病菌菌株菌丝生长的抑制率分别达到59.86%、56.99%和57.09%,对它们的分生孢子产生及分生孢子萌发也都具有显著的抑制作用。显微镜观察未发现金龟子绿僵菌与棉花枯萎病菌菌丝间有重寄生现象。上述结果显示,金龟子绿僵菌对供试棉花枯萎病菌的拮抗机制主要是营养竞争、空间竞争及抗生作用。In this paper,the inhibition of Metarhizium anisopliae,an important entomogenous fungus,against Fusarium oxyspori-um f.sp.vasinfectum,the pathogen of cotton wilt,and its mechanism were studied in vitro by dual culture,cup-plate test and microscopy.The results of dual-culture test showed that among three M.anisopliae isolates which all displayed obvious inhibition against three strains of Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.vasinfectum,pathogen of cotton wilt,Ma55 resulted in the highest inhibition.On the PDA plates mixed with different concentrations of conidial suspension of Ma55,the inhibition rate by the suspension of 3.25×106 conidia per milliliter was over 70% to all three wilt isolates.The inhibition to mycelia growth of the three isolates by sterile fermented broth of M.anisopliae shake culture reached 59.86 %,56.99 % and 57.09%,respectively,and those to production and germination of their conidia were also significant.No hyperparasitism between M.anisolpiae and Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.vasinfectum hyphae was observed microscopically.All these evidences suggested that the inhibitory mechanisms of M.anisopliae against the pathogen of Fusarium wilt of cotton were mainly competition to nutrition and space and antibiosis.

关 键 词：金龟子绿僵菌 棉花枯萎病菌 拮抗 竞争 抗生 

分 类 号：S435.621[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]