吸烟与慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病率的关系  

The relationship between smoking and the incidence of COPD

作　　者：程显声[1,2,3,4] 李景周[1,2,3,4] 张珍祥[1,2,3,4] 刘国华[1,2,3,4] 华毅[1,2,3,4] 李清[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院 [2]北京市房山区第一医院 [3]沈阳中国医科大学 [4]武汉同济医科大学

出　　处：《中华结核和呼吸杂志》1999年第5期290-292,共3页Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

基　　金：国家"八五"攻关课题资助

摘　　要：目的调查吸烟指数与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）发病率间的关系，促使吸烟者戒烟。方法１９９２年春对北京市房山区、湖北省潜江地区及辽宁省沈阳市郊区（县）在册的１０２２３０名村民中≥１５岁人群进行入户调查、问卷、体检及肺功能测定，分析吸烟与ＣＯＰＤ的关系。结果筛选出由单纯吸烟引起的ＣＯＰＤ患者一秒钟用力呼气容积／用力肺活量（ＦＥＶ１／ＦＶＣ）＜７０％８２２人，占吸烟人数的２４．６％，由吸烟及慢性气道炎症史引起ＣＯＰＤ者６２４例，占该组被调查人数的４０．４％。分析两组ＣＯＰＤ患者与吸烟指数（每日平均吸烟支数×吸烟年数）的关系。ＣＯＰＤ患者与吸烟有关者为７１．６％（１４４６／２０２０），吸烟指数愈大，ＣＯＰＤ发生率愈高（４０％以上），肺功能损害也愈严重。结论国人吸烟者中ＣＯＰＤ发生率高于国外报道，在长期吸烟者中ＣＯＰＤ的发生率不是恒定不变的，而是随吸烟量的增多，患ＣＯＰＤ的机会也逐渐增多。戒烟不能存在侥幸心理。Objective To study the relationship between smoking index and the incidence of COPD to persuade smokers quit smoking. Methods COPD was diagnosed based on family inquiring, questionnaire and pulmonary function test. The smoking index was calculated by the average cigarettes a day times the years of smoking. Results 822 cases(account for 24.6% of investigated subjects) of COPD due to smoking were identified, and 624 cases were found (account for 40.4% of investegated subjects) to have a history of both smoking and chronic airway inflammation. The higher the smoking index, the higher the incidence of COPD (above 40%), and the more severe their lung function imparement. The smoking was 71.6% of the cause in COPD patients. Conclusions The incidence of COPD associated with smoking is higher in China than that in the Western countries. The incidence of COPD in population with long smoking history is not invariable, while it is gradually rising with increasing smoking index.

关 键 词：吸烟 阻塞性肺疾病 COPD 发病率 

分 类 号：R563.02[医药卫生—呼吸系统]