黄河内蒙古河段河床演变特征分析  

Fluvial processes in Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River

作　　者：侯素珍[1] 常温花[1] 王平[1,2] 田勇[1] 伊晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]河海大学,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2010年第3期44-50,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB06B04);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(200701007)

摘　　要：针对近年来黄河内蒙古河段河槽淤积萎缩严重,防洪、防凌形势严峻的状况,从不同方面综合分析了巴彦高勒-头道拐河段河床冲淤演变特征。通过同流量水位变化分析了不同时期、不同水沙条件下各河段主槽冲淤变化,总体具有汛期冲刷非汛期淤积的特点,而汛期冲淤变化取决于洪水期的变化;依据输沙量法分析了内蒙古河段冲淤变化特点,进一步指出了不同河段淤积的原因;从不同时段河床形态的调整,揭示了河床冲淤随水沙变化而调整的规律;指出了不利的水沙条件是内蒙古河段主槽淤积萎缩、排洪能力大幅度降低的根本原因。In view of the serious shrinkage of the main channel and the severe situation of flood control as well as ice flood control in Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River recent years, fluvial process characteristic of this reach is analyzed synthetically from different aspects. According to the information of water level under the same discharge, the sedimentation in the main channel in different reaches is discussed. Generally, the main channel is silted in flood seasons but scoured in non-flood seasons. The sedimentation in flood seasons mainly occurs in flood events. The volume of erosion or deposition for every year is calculated by transport rate method. The reasons for the sedimentation in different reaches are pointed out. Adjustment of the riverbed form in different reaches is analyzed, which reveals the rule that the river bed adjusts according to the change of the incoming water and sediment. It is put forward that the adverse water and sediment condition is the basic reason for the serious shrihkage of the main channel and significant decrease of flood transport capacity.

关 键 词：黄河 河床演变 同流量水位 河床形态 平滩流量 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]