以尿素为起始物合成树枝状表面活性剂  

Preparation Dendrimeric Carbamate Surfactant Using Urea as Starting Material

作　　者：王小梅[1] 王丽[1] 王家喜[1] 张留成[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学化工学院,天津300130

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2010年第11期28-31,共4页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：本文以尿素、二乙醇胺为原料,合成N,N,N′,N′-四羟乙基取代脲,该化合物再与尿素、二乙醇胺进一步反应制备表面含八个羟基、十六个羟基的树枝状分子(16-OH),产物经核磁共振(1H-NMR、13C-NMR)确定其结构。并对产物进行表面张力测试,结果表明,16-OH具有较好的表面活性,25℃时其临界胶束浓度为3.502mmol/L,溶液饱和吸附量Γmax为0.0015mmol/m2,临界胶束浓度下表面张力为35.7mN/m。研究表明此合成氨基甲酸酯类树枝状化合物的绿色路线可行。N,N,N＇,N＇-tetrahydroxyethylurea was produced using reaction of urea with diethanolamine.Dendrimeric carbamates with eight hydroxyls（8-OH） and sixteen hydroxyls （16-OH） can be synthesized by reaction of N,N,N＇,N＇-tetrahydroxyethylurea with urea and diethanolamine alternatively,which is an eco-friendly route.The obtained products were analyzed by means of nuclear magnetic resonance（1H-NMR and 13C-NMR）.The testing of surface tension shows that 16-OH has good surface activity.The critical micelle concentration,the saturation surface excess and the surface tension values of 16-OH are 3.502 mmol/L,0.0015 mmol/m2 and 35.7 mN/m,respectively.The results show that this green synthetic route is feasible.

关 键 词：尿素 脲 树枝状分子 表面活性 

分 类 号：TQ314.269[化学工程—高聚物工业]