西藏低温适生芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及其抗菌和促生作用  

Isolation and Identification of a Low-temperature-adapted Bacillus in Tibet and Its Antagonistic and Growth-promoting Effect

作　　者：刘芳[1] 薛鹏琦[1] 乔俊卿[1] 伍辉军[1] 孙健[1] 高学文[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院/农业部病虫监测与治理重点开放实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《中国生物防治》2010年第4期453-460,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(2009DFA32740);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2006AA10Z172);国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(091030707)

摘　　要：从西藏拉萨色拉寺杂草根围土壤中分离到1株低温适生芽孢杆菌LSSC3,对该菌株进行了形态学、生理生化和分子生物学鉴定及抗菌和促生作用研究。菌株LSSC3细胞短杆状,芽孢圆形,10℃条件下生长良好。生理生化特征显示,该菌株与巨大芽孢杆菌Bacillus megaterium特征一致,但ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析表明其与B. megaterium模式菌株存在显著差异。16SrRNA基因序列分析结果显示,菌株LSSC3与B. subtilis和B. atrophaeus的系统发育相似性均很高。进一步通过gyrB基因测序和比对,其同源性与B. atrophaeus达到100%,没有找到与B. subtilis的同源性关系。据此,将其鉴定为B. atrophaeus。菌株LSSC3对植物病原真菌和细菌均具有很强的抑制作用,同时对拟南芥有良好的促生长作用。该菌具有耐低温和生防的双重特点,具有在农业生产上应用的潜力。A low-temperature-adapted Bacillus strain LSSC3,with short rod-shaped cells and round spores,was isolated from rhizosphere soil of grass of Sera Monastery in Lhasa,Tibet.It was able to grow very well at 10℃,and its optimal growth temperature was 30℃.Physiological and biochemical tests showed that it shared the same fundamental characters as B.megaterium.However,the ERIC-PCR fingerprinting analysis revealed that it was different from reference strain B.megaterium.The phylogeneticanalysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence displayed it was of high similarity to B.subtilis and B.atrophaeus. Furthermore,gyrB gene amplification,sequencing and BLAST analysis showed its homology with the B.atrophaeus reached 100%,while no homology with the B.subtilis.So,LSSC3 was identified as B.atrophaeus.Antagonistic assays exhibited that it was of highly inhibitory effect on plant pathogens,including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani,Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae,Erwinia amyloyora and E.carotovora.The diameter of the inhibition zone on the first three pathogenic fungi reached more than 45 mm.The bacterial strain was also able to promote growth of Arabidopsis thaliana in greenhouse.Thus,strain LSSC3 had the dual characteristics of biocontrol and adaptation to low temperature,which would have an application prospect in Agriculture.

关 键 词：低温适生芽孢杆菌 ERIC-PCR指纹图谱 16S rRNA系统发育 gyrB基因 抑菌作用 促生作用 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学] Q78[农业科学—植物保护]