百色田东百渡旧石器遗址发掘简报  

A Preliminary Report on the Excavation of the Baidu Site in the Bose Basin,South China

作　　者：谢光茂 林强 黄鑫 

机构地区：[1]广西文物考古研究所,南宁530022 [2]百色市右江区文物管理所,百色533000

出　　处：《人类学学报》2010年第4期355-371,共17页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部科技基础性工作专项(编号:2007FY110200)

摘　　要：百渡遗址位于右江南岸,广西田东县附近,在2002年发掘了700m2,出土约1500件石制品。石制品类型包括石器、砾石、石锤、石核、石片、断块和碎片;原料均为砾石,岩性以砂岩为主;石核包括单台面、双台面和多台面三种;打片和加工石器均以锤击法为主,单面加工;石器类型有砍砸器、手镐、刮削器。从石制品的特征和组合看,该遗址既是古人类的石器制造场所,又是生产、生活的地方。其石制品与百色盆地第4级阶地网纹红土中的石制品有一定的差别,表现出比较进步的性质。通过地质、地貌和出土遗物的对比分析判断,遗址的年代可能为中更新世后段。The Baidu site is located in the Bose Basin, Guangxi Province, south China. Because of the construction of an expressway, a rescue excavation of this site was carried out by the Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in autumn 2002. This site is about 10000m2 in size, of which 700m^2 was excavated. The excavated area was divided into two parts. Three stratigraphie layers were identified with no sharp boundary between layer 1 and layer 2 （from the surface）, indicating that they were of the same age. Layer 3 represented weathered basal rock. Stone artifacts were recovered from layers 1 and 2. There were about 1500 stone artifacts unearthed from this site, with raw materials being cobbles of sandstone, quartzite, quartz and silicified rock, which were available from the basal conglomerate of the high terrace located near the site. The principal flaking technique was direct hard hammer percussion. Anvil technique was rare. Specimens with single cortical platforms and double cortical platforms were common, with no preparation of the striking platform found. Apart from one piece, all flakes were less than 10cm in length. The dorsal of surfaces of the flakes, especially the smaller ones, normally had flake scars, which were usually struck from the same direction as the flake itself. Used flakes were rare. Tools were ＂simply＂ made with most of them flaked unifacially and with cortex. Tool types included choppers, scrapers and picks, with choppers being the dominant form. Geomorphological comparison of the sites in the Baise Basin indicate that the stone artifacts of the Baidu site with those found at other age of this site is about 300-400ka BP.

关 键 词：百色盆地 百渡遗址 石制品 旧石器早期 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]