保水剂对春玉米注水播种条件下土壤水分及生长发育的影响  

The Effect of Soil Moisture and Growing Dynamic of Maize after Sowing with Water Use Water Holding Agent

作　　者：丁林[1] 张新民[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2010年第11期56-60,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD46B05);甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(0702NKDA032);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200801009);甘肃省技术研究与开发专项计划项目(0912TCYA010)资助;甘肃省创新团队建设项目(098TTCA006)

摘　　要：在民勤绿洲和腾格里沙漠交界地带通过大田试验研究了注水播种后土壤水分扩散规律及春玉米前期生长发育动态。结果表明:施用保水剂可使土壤水分聚集在注水原点,土壤水分横向和纵向水分扩散均较慢,可为种子发芽及苗期生长提供充足的水分及养料。不同保水剂施用量对注水播种后土壤的表层土和1 m深度土的储水量都有较大的影响,保水剂施用量大的处理和保水剂拌种处理保水效果显著,使土壤储水量较播种前增加1.23 mm和2.25 mm。玉米株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累量均以保水剂施用量大的处理和保水剂拌种处理为最高,以对照处理和保水剂施用量少的处理为最低,适当的保水剂施用量可提高注水播种玉米出苗率,减少田间蒸发量,并使玉米在苗期生长旺盛,促进增产,抗旱天数达40 d以上。Based on a field experiment,the soil moisture diffusion regulation and growing dynamic in previous growth of maize after sowing with water was studied over Minqin Oasis and the Tenggeli desert boundary district.The result shows that the water holding agent may cause the soil moisture to gather at the irrigation zero point and the water moisture diffusion slower in horizontal and vertical proliferation.It provide adequate moisture and nutrients for seed germination and seedling.It has great influence on the amount of water of the surface layer soil and one-meter-depth soils after sowing with water used water-containing agent in different density.The result of protecting water was obvious to use the high amount and mix to grow of water holding agent and it increased the amount of water 1.23mm and 2.25mm that the soil keeps before sowing seeds.The leaf＇ area index and dry material accumulation quantity was high by using the big density and mix to grow of water holding agent treatment and was low of CK and use low density water holding agent.It can increase the seedling rate,reduce the field evaporation,make maize grow well in the seedling,increase yield and the dry number of anti-amount more than 40 days by using accommodation density water holding agent.

关 键 词：扩散规律 保水剂 注水播种 生长动态 玉米 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]