泄槽菱形冲击波水力特性的试验研究  

Experimental Resaerch on Hydraulic Characteristics of Diamond-shaped Shock Waves

作　　者：刘文华[1] 刘焕芳[1] 金瑾[1] 殷艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆生产建设兵团勘测规划设计研究院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2010年第11期111-113,118,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：石河子大学项目(ZRKX2009YB18)

摘　　要：急流冲击波是溢洪道泄槽中常见的一种水流现象。初步探讨了菱形冲击波的生成机理,通过模型试验给出了泄槽菱形冲击波内水面线的变化规律,并应用水力学理论给出了菱形波波高、波角及波长的计算方法,在边墙偏转角、泄槽宽度确定的条件下,波高、波角、波长的大小取决于波前弗汝德数Fr1。试验验证结果,与试验条件基本一致的情况下,当Fr1≥2.9时,计算公式可以用于实际工程计算,这对于优化泄槽边墙高度有重要参考价值。Torrent shock wave is a common form of water phenomenon in spillway chute.This paper discusses the formation mechanism of diamond-shaped shock waves.Through the model test,the variation of water surface route within the diamond-shaped shock waves is given.And the calculation method of wave height,wave angle and wavelength is given by applying the hydraulic theory.If deflection angle of side-wall and width of chute is given,then the number of wave heights,wave angles and wavelengths depends on Fr1 like the result of experimental verification,if the case is basically consistent with the experimental conditions,the formula can be used in practical calculations when Fr1≥2.9.It has an important reference value for optimization of chute sidewall′s height.

关 键 词：泄槽 菱形冲击波 水面线 波高 波角 

分 类 号：TV651.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]