二叠氮新戊二醇二硝酸酯的“一锅法”合成  被引量:2

One-pot Synthesis of Neopentyl Glycol Diazo Dinitrate

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作  者:张丽洁[1] 崔军民[1] 张川[1] 崔荣[1] 马玲[1] 

机构地区:[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出  处:《含能材料》2010年第5期541-543,共3页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基  金:国防科工委"九五"项目(12060251855)

摘  要:研究了以二溴新戊二醇、叠氮化钠和硝酸为原料,经过取代反应和硝化反应合成二叠氮新戊二醇二硝酸酯(PDADN)的一锅法,通过红外、核磁及元素分析对产物结构进行了表征,并分析测试了相关性能,考察了料比、硝化反应温度等对反应的影响。结果表明,合成的最佳条件是:反应物料比为n(二溴新戊二醇):n(叠氮化钠):n(浓硝酸)=1.0:2.1:8.0,硝化反应温度15—19℃,反应时间18min,收率达到84%,气相色谱分析纯度不小于98%。Neopentyl glycol diazo dinitrate ( PDADN ) was synthesized by one-pot process which consisted of two steps, i. e. nucleophilic substituion of 1,3-dibromo-2,2-dihydroxylmethylpropane(DBDMP) with sodium azide(SA) ,and nitration of the substituted intermediate (1,3-diazido-2,2-dihydroxylmethylpropane) with nitric acid(NA) ,but carried out in one pot without separating the intermediate. The factors affecting the yield and purity of PDADN ,such as ratio of DBDMP/SA/NA,nitration temperature (T) and time (t) were investigated. The optimized process conditions were: DBDMP/SA/NA (molar ratio) =1.0/2. 1/8.0, T=(15 -19) ℃,and t=18 min. The yield and purity of the resulting PDADN could be upto84% and 98% repectively,andthe product's structure was identified with IR, NMR and elemental analysis. To compare with the traditional preparation of PDADN, the one-pot process simplifies the procedures,improves PDADN's yield and purity,mildens the reaction conditions, and is easy to be industrialized.

关 键 词:有机化学 硝化反应 二叠氮新戊二醇二硝酸酯 一锅法 

分 类 号:V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]

 

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