历史文化中的“事实”果真存在吗  

A Review of the Truthfulness of Historical Universalism and Cultural Generosity

作　　者：高健[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院,上海200083

出　　处：《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》2010年第6期131-134,共4页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：近代实证主义历史观认为历史研究无非就是探求历史现象的变化规律,确定现象之间的恒定关系。然而,近代历史学家维科指出,人类世界历史的真理必然要在"人类心智本身的种种变化中找出"。依照这一路径,德国古典哲学将历史视为"有机统一体",并在抽象逻辑的层面上努力寻求历史的"目的因"。作为对这一抽象历史观的扬弃,马克思的历史唯物主义观在充分吸纳黑格尔哲学中历史性与辩证法等合理因素的前提下,创立了以"感性的对象性活动"为基础的现实世界历史观,从而完成了对黑格尔抽象历史逻辑的全面超越。According to the historical view of positivism, the study of history is nothing but exploring and identifying the steady relationship between historical facts. However, as the famous historian Vico points out, the truth of human history lies in the complex of human spirit. Accordingly, German classic philosophy takes history as an ＂organic wholeness＂ and attempts to locate its destiny in the abstractive logics. Historical materialism with ＂perceptive activity＂ as the basis of its ontolgy, which largely draws on the theory of historicity and metaphysics by Hegel, helps Karl Marx surpass his predecessors in the philosophic interpretation of history.

关 键 词：历史事实 总体文化观 普遍历史观 历史唯物主义 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]