聚丙烯酰胺的合成及性能  

Synthesis and properties of polyacrylamide

作　　者：赵洪池[1] 李琦[1] 魏朝巧[1] 郑艳菊[1] 黄帆[1] 吕倩茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《合成树脂及塑料》2010年第6期25-29,共5页China Synthetic Resin and Plastics

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金面上资助项目(B2009000160);河北大学博士基金资助项目(Y2007093)

摘　　要：以丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,(NH_4)_2S_2O_8,NaHSO_3为氧化还原引发体系,采用水溶液聚合法制备聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)。研究了PAM的结构、性能和相对分子质量,同时考察了反应温度及单体、引发剂和链转移剂的质量分数对聚合反应转化率及PAM相对分子质量的影响。傅里叶变换红外光谱谱图中998 cm^(-1)处C=C双键的伸缩振动吸收峰消失以及在X射线衍射谱图中衍射角为20°～23°出现PAM特征弥散衍射峰,表明AM聚合生成了PAM。PAM热分解分3个阶段进行,其玻璃化转变温度随相对分子质量增大而升高。提高反应温度、增大引发剂和单体质量分数都可以提高单体转化率。升高反应温度、降低单体质量分数、增加引发剂和链转移剂质量分数均可以降低PAM的相对分子质量。Polyacrylamide（PAM） was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization with acrylamide（AM） as monomer, ammonium persulfate and sodium hisulfite as redox initiators. The structure, properties and relative molecular mass of the polymers were studied; the effects of mass fraction of monomer, initiator and chaintransfer agent as well as polymerization temperature on polymerization conversion and weight average molecular mass（Mw） of PAM were researched. The formation of PAM polymerized from AM was confirmed by disappearance of the absorption peak of carbon-carbon double bond at 998 cm-1 in the Fourier transform inflared（FTIR） spectrum and appearance of characteristic diffusion diffraction peaks at 20° to 23° in the X- ray diffraction（XRD） pattern. The thermal decomposition of PAM proceeded in three stages. The glass transition temperature of PAM rose with the augmentation of Mw. The polymerization conversion improved with increasing polymerization temperature and mass fraction of monomer or initiator. The Mw of PAM could be decreased if raising the polymerization temperature or mass fraction of initiator and chain-transfer agent, or lowering the mass fraction of monomer.

关 键 词：聚丙烯酰胺 相对分子质量链转移剂 热稳定性玻璃化转变温度 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]