世界体系中的后苏联国家：欧盟新成员国、独联体成员国和中国之比较  

Post-Socialist Countries in the World System:EU New Member States,CIS and China Compared

作　　者：大卫·兰恩[1] 潘兴明(译) 李贵梅(译) 

机构地区：[1]剑桥大学社会与政治学系 [2]不详

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2010年第5期51-73,共23页Russian Studies

摘　　要：自1989年以来,后苏联国家呈现出不同的沿革轨迹。这些国家大体上可以分为四个群体:欧盟新成员国(NMS)、独联体在欧洲的成员国、独联体在亚洲的成员国和中国。这四个国家群体对于当今世界经济政治体系的参与和依附程度各不相同。需要对它们在工业和贸易方面的能力作出界定,而这些能力对其经济的全球化和金融化产生着影响。国家群体对于世界体系的特定联系决定了其特定的经济(以及政治)能力和依附水平。通过考察它们各自不同的投资模式、贸易伙伴和金融依附情况,以及2007年以来世界金融危机造成的金融压力方面的影响,可以看到:一方面,欧盟的后苏联国家坚定地融入世界经济体系;另一方面,大型经济体(如俄罗斯和中国)有可能建立起本国的市场及网络,因而其经济自立水平要高于欧盟新成员国。存在着三种对于世界经济危机的主要反应方式:更深地融入占支配地位的世界资本主义制度、走向一个较少新自由主义色彩而较多协调主义的世界体系、形成以"对峙力量"和区域集团为标志的更加多元化的世界体系。Since 1989, the post socialist states have pursued different trajectories. There are four groups of post-socialist societies in the present world economic system： the New Member States of the European Union （NMS）, the European and Asian members of the Commonwealth of Independent States （CIS） and China. Divisions are defined between their industrial and trading capacities which influence the extent of economic globalisation and financialisation. Distinctive linkages of the country groups to the global system give rise to different economic （and consequently political） capacities and dependencies. By examining the patterns of investment, trade partners and financial independence and the effects of f＇mancial stress caused by the world economic crisis of 2007-., it is clear that： whereas the post-socialist members of the EU are firmly bound into the world economic system, it is contended that large economies （such as Russia and China） have the potential to develop their own internal markets and networks thus giving greater levels of economic autonomy compared to the NMS. Three main responses to the world economic crisis are suggested： greater incorporation into the dominant institutions of world capitalism; a movement towards a less neo-liberal and more coordinated world system; and the rise of ＇counterpoints＇ and regional blocs in a more pluralistic global system.

关 键 词：转型 独联体 欧盟及新成员国 世界经济危机 新自由主义 核心-半边缘体系 外资银行和国家银行 

分 类 号：F114.45[经济管理—国际贸易]