蒸发皿蒸发和潜在蒸散发对气候变化的响应  

Response of Evaporation of Evaporator and Potential Evapotranspiration to the Climate Variation

作　　者：廖晓芳[1] 钱胜[1] 彭彦铭[1] 李庆国[1] 鲁俊[1] 蔡春祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2010年第11期42-44,共3页Yellow River

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB06B03)

摘　　要：基于Penman-Monteith公式研究了黄河流域1956—2001年间潜在蒸散发量和实测蒸发皿蒸发的时空分布和变化规律,并重点分析了蒸发皿蒸发量变化的原因。结果表明:在年和季节尺度上,Penman-Monteith潜在蒸散发量和实测蒸发皿蒸发量的相关系数很高;从空间分布来看,年均潜在蒸散发量和蒸发皿蒸发量均从东北到西南逐渐减小;从时间趋势来看,黄河流域蒸发皿蒸发量有明显的减小趋势,并且春季和夏季蒸发皿蒸发量的减小趋势尤为明显;风速的显著减小可能是导致黄河流域年蒸发皿蒸发量显著减小的主要原因。The paper studies the potential evapotranspiration and the observed laws of temporal and spatial distribution and variation of evaporator＇s evaporation during the period of 1956-2001 of the Yellow River basin and specially analyzes the reasons of evaporation variation of evaporator based on Penman-Monteith formula.The outcomes show that a） on the scale of year and season,the correlation coefficient of Penman-Monteith potential evapotranspiration and observed evaporator＇s evaporation is fairly high;b） viewing from spatial distribution,the annual mean potential evapotranspiration and evaporator＇s evaporation are gradually decreased from northeast to southwest;c） viewing from temporal trend,the evaporator＇s evaporation of the Yellow River basin has the tendency of remarkable reduction,especially notable in spring and summer and;d） the obvious reduction of wind speed might be the main reason for remarkable reduction of annual evaporator＇s evaporation of the Yellow River basin.

关 键 词：PENMAN-MONTEITH 气候响应 潜在蒸散发 蒸发皿蒸发 黄河流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]