规模化肉牛育肥场温室气体排放的生命周期评估  

Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from an Industrial Beef Feedlot Farm as Evaluated by a Life-cycle Assessment Method

作　　者：马宗虎[1,2] 王美芝[1,2] 丁露雨[1,2] 刘继军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]动物营养国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第11期2244-2252,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：现代农业(肉牛)产业技术体系(21228149);西部高档肉牛产业化配套技术及产业化机制研究项目(21177196)

摘　　要：采用生命周期的方法评估规模化肉牛育肥场温室气体排放情况并列出了排放清单。定义的功能单位为育肥期间每1kg活重的增长,评估的边界包括肉牛生产系统、粪便管理系统以及系统扩张出来的作物种植系统、灌排系统、肥料生产系统和农业机械生产系统。结果表明,按1000头存栏计算,规模化肉牛育肥场总温室气体排放为3810.24tCO2-e.a-1,其中CH4为1735.78tCO2-e.a-1,N2O为887.67tCO2-e.a-1,CO2为1186.79tCO2-e.a-1,育肥期间每千克活增重的排放强度为10.16kgCO2-e.a-1。不考虑施用过程,有机肥替代化肥可以减少约33%因化肥生产造成的温室气体排放。In the present study,emission of greenhouse gases（GHG）from industrial beef feedlot farm was quantitatively evaluated by a life cycle assessmen（tLCA）method,and the emission inventory was listed.A functional uni（tFU）was defined as 1 kg of body weight gain during the finishing period.The system boundary consisted of beef-producing system,manure management system and outstretched systems which included crop cultivation,irrigation,fertilization production and agricultural machinery supply.The results were expressed as a quantity of 1 000 finishing cattle and showed that total emission of greenhouse gases of 1 000 head of cattle during finishing period was 3 810.24 t CO2e.a-1.Among the total emissions,CH4,N2O and CO2 were 1 735.78 tCO2-e.a-1,887.67 tCO2-e.a-1 and 1 186.79 tCO2-e.a-1,respectively.Emission intensity per functional unit was 10.16 kg CO2-e.a-1.Regardless of administration process,replacement of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer could reduce up to 33% emission of greenhouse gases produced from the use of chemical fertilizer.

关 键 词：温室气体 生命周期评估 肉牛育肥 功能单位 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]