裂缝型储层地震检测方法综述  

The overview of seismic techniques in prediction of fracture reservoir

作　　者：杨晓[1] 王真理[1] 喻岳钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所油气综合地球物理重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2010年第5期1785-1794,共10页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB422104)资助

摘　　要：裂缝型油气藏在新增储量中占有越来越大的比重.准确预测裂缝发育带是评价裂缝型储层的前提,更是裂缝型油气藏提高勘探效率和开发水平的关键.本文介绍了裂缝型储层的理论介质模型;重点研究了国内外较成熟的裂缝型储层地震检测方法,如纵波振幅、速度、旅行时、和波阻抗检测,横波检测以及多波多分量检测等地震技术.纵波资料对裂缝的敏感度不够,而横波资料勘探难度大,成本高.目前,在进行裂缝型储层检测时,比较普遍使用包含有纵、横波信息的转换波勘探,尤其在海上勘探方面,已经进入商业化应用阶段.然而,地震检测方法也有其自身的缺陷,我们需要综合分析岩芯露头、测井、以及VSP资料,才能更有效地预测裂缝型储层.Nowadays, the exploration of fractured reservoir plays a vital role in the further development of petroleum industry through out the world. We briefly introduce theoretical model （HTI） for fractured reservoir. Then we give a review and comparison of seismic exploration technologies for fractures available in the industry, such as P-wave AVO、AVOZ、VVA、ARM、and IPVA, S-wave exploration, and P-S converted wave exploration. Seismic exploration has shown great potential for application to the oil and gas prediction of fractured reservoir and the reservoir fine description.Every technique has its disadvantage, prohibitive expense in S-wave data acquisition and processing, P-wave that is lack of sensitivity to anisotropy medium. Now, multi-component seismic prevails, especially P-S converted wave exploration, has been commercialized on offshore exploration. We can draw a conclusion that a better way to any particular field is using synthesis of multiple data sources including core、outcrop、well-test、image logs、3D VSPs, generally to improve the accuracy.

关 键 词：裂缝型储层 各向异性 地震波 HTI介质 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]