颈椎与之对应血管和神经的解剖学关系  

Anatomical Rrelation Between Cervical Vertebra and the Corresponding Blood Vessels and Nerves

作　　者：李建忠[1] 吴海平[1] 王俊生[1] 刘学敏[1] 李富德[1] 

机构地区：[1]长治医学院人体解剖教研室,046000

出　　处：《长治医学院学报》2010年第5期332-334,共3页Journal of Changzhi Medical College

摘　　要：目的:观察颈椎与之相对应血管、神经的关系,为颈椎手术提供帮助。方法:在60侧成人标本上,观察颈部血管、神经的长度及起止点与相邻颈椎间的距离。结果:面动脉与舌神经伴行,起点距相邻椎体C3为(18.4±7.1)mm。舌动脉与舌下神经伴行,起点距相邻椎体C2～3为(19.6±8.4)mm。甲状腺上动脉与喉上神经外支伴行,起点距相邻椎体C3为(17.1±5.8)mm,止点距相邻椎体C3为(18.1±2.4)mm。喉上动脉与喉上神经内支伴行,起点距相邻椎体C3为(15.8±6.7)mm,止点距相邻椎体C3为(19.6±5.7)mm。甲状腺下动脉起点距相邻椎体C7为(17.2±5.5)mm,止点距相邻椎体C7为(11.2±3.3)mm。结论:颈上部有数支动脉起自C2～3高度,此处显露喉上神经尤为重要;颈中部尽量减少对颈动脉鞘的牵拉;颈下部则熟悉喉返神经与甲状腺下动脉的关系,为了避免胸导管的损伤,手术途径选右侧为宜。Objective： The relations between cervical vertebra and the corresponding blood vessel,nerve were observed,to provide helep for the operation of cervical vertebra.Methords： These lengths of blood vessels,nerves and these distances from their starting point and end point to near cervical vertebra were observed and measured in 60 sides of 30 adult cadaveric neck.Results： The facial artery follows the lingual nerve,the lengths from the starting point of facial artery to cervical vertebra 3（C3）was（18.4±7.1） mm.The lingual artery follows the hypoglossal nerve,the distances from the starting point of the lingual artery to C2～3 was（19.6±8.4） mm.The superior thyroid artery follows the lateral branch of the superior laryngeal nerve,the distances from the starting point of the superior thyroid artery to C3 was（17.1±5.8） mm,the length from the end of the superior thyroid artery to C5 was（18.1±2.4） mm.The superior laryngeal artery follows the medial branch of the superior laryngeal nerve,these distances from its starting point and end to C3 were（15.8±6.7） mm and（19.6±5.7） mm.The inferior thyroid artery,these distances from its starting point and end to C7 were（17.2±5.5） mm and（11.2±3.3） mm respectively.Conclusion：The position of superior cerviccal vertebrae,some arteries start from the height of C2～3,it is very impairment to appear the superior laryngeal nerve.We should reduce movement for the viscera and the artery in middle cervical vertebrae.We must know the relation about the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery,The operative approach was chosen on right neck in order to avoid hurting thoracic duct.

关 键 词：颈椎 血管 神经 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R681.5[医药卫生—骨科学]