“邛笼”解读  

An Explanation about Qionglong:The Origin of the Diaolou in Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：石硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国藏学研究所,教授成都市610064

出　　处：《民族研究》2010年第6期92-100,共9页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社科基地重大项目"青藏高原古碉文化综合研究"(项目编号:05JJDZH239)资助

摘　　要："邛笼"是汉文史籍记载的对青藏高原碉楼的最早称呼。本文通过对"邛笼"一词内涵的探讨,发现其原本含义是指一种鸟,此鸟被汉人史家转译为"雕"(后变为"碉",即今"碉"字的来历),但其真正含义却是藏地苯教中作为崇拜对象的"琼"(藏文作khyung,亦俗称"大鹏鸟")。"邛笼"的"邛"(qiong)与"琼"不但发音同,且均指一种鸟。而据至今西藏山南碉楼分布地区民间流传的说法,正是将碉楼称作"琼仓",即"琼鸟之巢"。这确凿地证明碉楼的起源与苯教有关,其原始形态是人们用以表达对苯教中"琼鸟"崇拜的一种祭祀性建筑,后来才派生出防御功能。The original designation of the Diaolou in Tibetan Plateau is Qionglong in the literature in the Han language.This paper found out the original meaning of Qionglong is a bird that was translated as Diao(雕,then became 碉).The bird is Khyung(commonly known as Dapeng bird) in the Tibetan language which is an object of worship in Bon religion.Qiong and Khyung have the same sound and are both used to call a bird.Moreover,the Diaolou is called as Qiongcang,the nest of the Qiong bird,by the local people in the Shannan area where the Diaolous spread.So there is a strong correlation between the origin of the Diaolou and the Bon religion,that is,Diaolou has been a religious building for the worship of the Qiong bird from which the function of defend has been derived later.

关 键 词：邛笼 琼鸟 嘉绒 碉楼 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]