民主理性蜕化与西方“政治性赤字”的膨胀  

The Degeneration of Rational Democracy and the Expansion of Western "Political Deficit"

作　　者：郭剑鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江财经学院财政学重点研究基地,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《学术月刊》2010年第11期5-11,共7页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社科基金"基于预算国家建设的我国反腐败模式完善研究"(09ZZB012);教育部人文社科规划项目"行政集权与经济分权体制下政府公关活动潜规则化问题研究--以驻京办为例"(09YJA810022)阶段性成果

摘　　要：西方国家普遍面临的主权债务风险不是简单的经济性赤字,而是政治性赤字,是五十年来西方民主理性蜕化的结果。20世纪60年代始,由于功能财政模式对平衡财政模式的替代,选举理性中的公共责任内涵渐渐模糊,选民追求少缴税又能多享受公共福利,而政治家热衷于扩大公共支出又避免增加选民税负,双方共同的理性都落脚于"取其需而不担其责",政府举债支出便成为满足选民需求、延续政治家前途的必由之路。当政府普遍以债务恶性膨胀为代价来满足同样恶性膨胀的选民需求时,"理性民主"便蜕变为"赤字民主"。因此,仅仅从经济学视角探讨防范和化解主权债务风险之策是不够的,关键还在于复兴政治家与选民博弈中的民主理性。The risk of sovereign debt that Western countries generally faced is not a simple economic deficit, but political deficit, the result of the degeneration of rational democracy in Western countries during the latest half century. Since the 1960s, the functional financial pattern has replaced the balanced finance pattern, and public responsibility included in election gradually became blurred. While the electors who pursue more access to public welfare and small tax encounter the politicians who are keen to expand public expenditure and avoid increasing tax burden, the two sides have settled on a common rational mind which is taking the need without responsibility. So government debt has be extended to meet the needs of electors and the prospect of politicians. When the government took malignant expansion of debt as the price of meeting the electors expanding needs similarly, the ＂rational democracy＂ transformed into a ＂deficit democracy. ＂ Therefore, it is not enough to discuss measures on the prevention and resolution of risk of sovereign debt only from the economic perspective, the key lies in the revival of rational democracy between politicians and electors in the democratic game.

关 键 词：赤字民主 主权债务 西方 政治性赤字 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]