铁皮石斛试管苗生长发育动态研究  

Dynamic study on growth development of test-tube seedlings of Tiepishihu(Dendrobium candidum)

作　　者：孙志蓉[1] 王美云[2] 金家兴 严建红[1] 王文全[1] 王明 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100102 [2]河北省廊坊市人民医院 [3]贵州吉仁堂药业公司

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2010年第2期83-87,97,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(No.2006BAI06A11-11)

摘　　要：目的对铁皮石斛试管苗进行生长发育规律研究,为试管苗各生长发育时期合理调控技术措施的确定提供科学依据。方法采用常规方法,测定不同生长时期试管苗的生长指标、多糖和蛋白质含量及光合特性指标。结果播种后5~8个月时铁皮石斛试管苗的苗高和茎粗增长最快,6、11个月时各有1次分蘖高峰,5、9、12个月时各有1次发根高峰;7~8个月、10~12个月时试管苗生物量积累速率最高。铁皮石斛试管苗根与茎叶之比（R/T）相对较小,平均单株茎叶干重占总干重的90.6%。11个月时试管苗的多糖含量最高（5.07%）,以后开始下降;8个月时试管苗可溶性蛋白质含量最高（211.28 mg/g）,以后逐渐减少,以12个月时的含量最低（119.55 mg/g）。6~11个月时的试管苗生长代谢旺盛。从干物质积累动态、多糖及蛋白质含量变化、试管苗活力和生产成本等方面综合考虑,10个月左右的铁皮石斛试管苗出瓶移栽较为合适。生长发育过程中,试管苗的叶绿素含量变化幅度较大,呈减小→增加→再减小的趋势,光合速率与叶绿素含量的变化趋势基本一致。10个月之后试管苗的叶绿素开始降解。试管苗光饱和点和最大电子传递速率的变化相对稳定,9、10个月时的电子传递速率最高,为26μmol/（m2.s）,而12个月时的光饱和点和电子传递速率最低。结论铁皮石斛种子萌发率及试管苗质量受种子成熟度的影响较大;组培室光照强度为27μmol/（m2.s）,光强不足可能是试管苗生长发育的主要限制因子之一;播种后生长10个月左右的铁皮石斛试管苗出瓶移栽较为合适;通过调节红蓝光的光质配比来调节叶绿素a/b的比值,将有利于促进试管苗的生长发育。Objective To study the growth laws of test-tube seedlings of Tiepishihu（Dendrobium candidum）,and provide a scientific basis for the rational control technique of test-tube seedlings in different growth periods.Method The indexes of growth development,content of polysaccharide and soluble protein,and photosynthetic characteristics were detected by applying general method.Result The increase of the height and stem thickness of test-tube seedlings was the fastest 5 to 8 months after sowing.The tillering peak was observed on 6th and 11th month respectively,and rooting peak was observed on 5th,9th and 12th month respectively.The biomass accumulation rate of test-tube seedlings was the highest during 7th to 8th months and 10th to 12th months.The ratio of root to stem（R/T） was relative low and the proportion between average dry weight of a single seedling to the total dry weight accounted to 90.6%.The content of polysaccharide in test-tube seedlings was the highest（5.07%） on 11th month and then decreased gradually.The content of soluble protein was highest（211.28 mg/g） on 8th month and then decreased gradually and reached lowest（119.55 mg/g） on 12th month.The test-tube seedlings grew well from 6th to 11th months.The best time for the transplant of the test-tube seedlings was on 10th month according to the dynamic accumulation of dry matter,changes of polysaccharide and soluble protein,seedling vitality and cost.The change of chlorophyll content showed obviously a trend of decreasing at first,and then increasing and decreasing again,and the change of photosynthetic rate was the same as that of the chlorophyll content during the growth development of the test-tube seedlings.After 10 months the chlorophyll content began to degrade.The changes of light saturation point and maximum electron transport rate of the test-tube seedlings were stable relatively,and the latter reached the highest 26 μmol/（m2·s） on 9th and 10th month.On 12th month the light saturation point and maximum electron transport rat

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 组织培养 生长发育 光合特性 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]