苜蓿、草木樨、锦鸡儿根瘤菌的表型多样性分析  

Phenotypic feature diversity of Rhizobia isolated from Medicago sp., Melilotus sp. and Caragana sp.

作　　者：阎爱民[1] 陈文新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院

出　　处：《生物多样性》1999年第2期112-118,共7页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;中国-欧共体合作项目

摘　　要：选用４８株分离自新疆和内蒙的苜蓿属、草木樨属、锦鸡儿属植物的根瘤菌菌株，进行了营养利用、抗生素抗性、耐逆性和酶活性测定等１３３个表型性状分析。发现分离自同种寄主植物的根瘤菌由于地理来源的不同而存在着较大的多样性。通过数值分类，各已知种分别聚群，４１株未知菌在８５％的相似水平上分为３个不同于已知种的群。群１的菌株主要分自苜蓿，群２的菌株主要分自草木樨，群３的菌株分自锦鸡儿，ＸＪ９６３３３（寄主为Ｍｅｌｉｌｏｔｕｓ）作为１个单株在８４％的相似水平上和群１聚在一起。ＮＭ０２０（寄主为Ｃａｒａｇａｎａ）在８８％的相似水平上和Ｒ．ｌｅｇｕｍｉｎｏｓａｒｕｍ聚在一起；ＮＭ１８３、ＮＭ２１８（寄主为Ｃａｒａｇａｎａ）在８６％的相似水平上和Ｓ．ｆｒｅｄｉ聚在一起；在６７％的相似水平上，ＸＪ９６４８２（寄主为Ｍｅｄｉｃａｇｏｓａｔｉｖａ）和其它所有供试菌株聚群。群１、２、３的所有菌株能在含２．０％（３４０ｍＭ）ＮａＣｌ的ＹＭＡ培养基上、ｐＨ９．０的ＹＭＡ培养基、４０℃的高温下生长；群３的所有菌株还能在含３．０％（５１０ｍＭ）ＮａＣｌ的ＹＭＡ培养基上生长；群１中９０％的菌株和群２、３的所有菌株能在１０℃的低温下生长。表明群１、?phenotypic features (nutrition utilization, antibiotic resistance,tolerance to NaCl and alkali,enzyme activity)of 48 strains isolated from Medicago sp., Melilotus sp., Caragana sp., growing in arid regions, were analyzed. The result shows that there are great diversities among strains isolated from the the same hosts growing in different geographic origin. Through the numerical taxonomy, 41 unknown strains are clustered into three new groups, at the similarity level of 85%.The main host plant of strains in group 1 is Medicago, the main host plant of strains in group 2 is Melilotus, the host plant of strains in group 3 is Caragana. XJ96 333(the host plant is Melilotus) was clustered with group 1 at the similarity level of 84%. NM 020(the host plant is Caragana) was clustered into R.leguminosarum at the similarity level of 88%. NM 183 and NM 218 (the host plant is Caragana) were clustered into S.fredii at the similarity level of 86%. XJ96 482 (the host plant is Medicago sativa) was clustered with other examined strains at the similarity of 67%. Strains in group 1,2 and 3 can grow on YMA with 2.0% (340 mM) NaCl,pH 9.0 and in 40℃.Strains in group 3 can also grow on YMA with 3.0% (510 mM) NaCl. 90% of strains in group 1 and all strains in group 2,3 can grow at 10℃,which shows that all examined strains of group 1,2,3 are resistant to NaCl and alkali,low temperature and high temperature. Group 1 and Group 2 shared a similarity of lower than 85% with S.melioti. This shows phenotypic feature diversity of strains in the group 1 and group 2.

关 键 词：根瘤菌 表型性状 多样性 苜蓿 草木棒 绵鸡儿 

分 类 号：Q939.114[生物学—微生物学]