子叶节区理论与木材结构的演化  

THE THEORY OF COTYLODON NODE ZONE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE STRUCTURE OF WOOD

作　　者：谷颐 赵丽辉[1,2] 谷安根 

机构地区：[1]吉林省林业学校 [2]吉林农业大学

出　　处：《植物研究》1999年第2期136-142,共7页Bulletin of Botanical Research

摘　　要：从系统发育看，出现最早的应是早已灭亡的乔木状蕨类植物的隐花植物式木材，例如：Ｌｅｐｉｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎ，ｓｐｈｅｎｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ等。现存的都是出现在古生代末期和中生代以后的显花植物式木材，它包括裸子植物的针叶树材与被子植物的阔叶树材。前者原始，后者进化。前者具外始式与中始式的初生木质部；而后者则具内始式（有例外的初生木质部，根据对双子叶植物幼苗的子叶节区研究发现，在子叶节区和上胚轴苗区之间，尚保留与顶端分生组织无关的分生组织性组织（Ｍｅｒｉｓｔｅｍａｔｉｃｔｉｓｕｅ），该组织在分化过程中，有控制地上茎部的初生维管组织的分化功能〔２２〕，使之由种子蕨（Ｓｅｅｄｆｅｒｎｓ）的中始式初生木质部，演化成裸子植物和被子植物的内始式初生木质部的作用。因此，才能由原始的隐花植物式木材衍生出进化的显花植物式木材。From the phyllogeny, We found that the Wood Which came first should be gryptogamic wood of the arboreous ferns, such as Lopidodondron Sphenophyllum, etc, which were extinet long before. Those which survived are all phanegamic wood, including conifer wood of Gymnosperm and broad-leaved wood of Angiosperm, which appeared after the palaeozoic era and Mesozoic era. The Gryptogamic wood are primary and have exarch and mezarch Primary xylem; while the phanegamic wood are evolutionary and have endarch Primary Xylem (with exleption). After Studying on the cotyledon no des of the Seedlings of Angiosperm, we have found that between the cotyledon node and epicotyl shool zone there are still meristimatic tissues which have no relations with moristem on tap. In the splitting process, these tissues can control the split of the primary vascular tissues and make them evolve from mezarch primary Xylem of seed ferms to endarch primary Xylem of Gymnosperm and Angiosperm. Thus, the secondary phanegamic wood can be evolved from the Primary Gryptogamic wood.

关 键 词：子叶节区理论 木材结构 隐花植物式 木材 

分 类 号：S718.42[农业科学—林学]