鼠尾藻生长与生殖的权衡  

Trade-off between growth and reproduction of Sargassum thunbergii

作　　者：张树宝[1] 唐永政[1] 王志芳[1] 鲁志成[1] 初少华[1] 张全胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第22期6027-6034,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31070376);山东省攻关计划(2009GG10005008)

摘　　要：2009年7月初至2009年9月中旬对烟台长岛县望福礁附近水域鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)进行了生态学调查。实验设立固定采样地点通过随机采样以及现场标记测量的方法观测了鼠尾藻的生长与生殖情况。结果表明:(1)鼠尾藻生殖始于7月初,8月初为高峰期,此间87%的藻体产生生殖托;(2)藻体长度对成熟比例和生殖力均有显著的影响,藻体成熟具有大小依赖性;(3)营养组织生物量大的鼠尾藻群体生殖组织生物量也相对较大,生殖期间营养组织生长和生殖组织生长呈异速关系;(4)成熟藻体在有性生殖高峰期过后,生长率下降,而始终未成熟的藻体则持续生长(生长率>0)。以上结果表明,在鼠尾藻的生活史中存在着生长与生殖的权衡。Sargassum thunbergii is a characteristic plant in the rocky intertidal zone along the coast of China, Japan and Korea. This alga plays important roles in the maintenance of a healthy coastal ecosystem due to its large biomass and high productivity. Market demand for this alga is growing because of its high economic value in nutrition, pharmacy and aquaculture. Recently, the cultivation of Stichopus japonicus is rapidly developing in China. As its irreplaceable feed, utilization of S. thunbergii has been increasing, which has resulted in the severely damage of natural resources along the coast of China. Large-scale culture of this alga is the ultimate way for the conservation and sustainable utilization of the resource. Based on an ecological demography conducted from July 2009 to September 2009 in Wangfu Reef, Changdao, Yantai, the resource allocation trade-off between growth and reproduction of S. thunbergii was investigated. Three permanent quadrats at the same depth were set up, of which all thalli in a plot of 30 cm - 30 cm was sampled once a week. Thalli inside the quadrats were randomly removed, bagged, and carried to the laboratory to estimate the relationships between maturation and the length, and the relationships between vegetative and reproductive tissue biomass. At the same time, thirty fertile and thirty sterile thalli were selected to investigate the effects of maturity on growth status, using repeated measures ANOVA. The results showed the following. Reproduction initiated at the beginning of July and peaked at the beginning of August （87% fertile thalli ）. The percentage of fertile thalli exhibited a statistically significant temporal variation. The population investigated in present study is markedly different from those growing on the coast of Pingtan Island, which results from the differences of photoperiod and seawater temperature. Temperature is the critical factor which induced S. thunbergii to translate from vegetative growth to reproduction. During reproduction period, the percentage

关 键 词：鼠尾藻 权衡 生殖 大小依赖 生长 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]