三江平原小叶章湿地剖面土壤微生物活性特征  

Characteristics of microbial activities in soil profiles of Calamagrostis angustifolia wetlands in Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：杨桂生[1,2] 宋长春 宋艳宇[1] 侯翠翠[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第22期6146-6153,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40930527;40771189);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2009CB421103);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-JC301);东北地理与农业生态研究所前沿领域项目(KZCX3\SW-NA09-12)

摘　　要：为阐明三江平原不同类型小叶章湿地剖面土壤微生物活性及土壤质量的变化规律,研究了沼泽化小叶章(XZ)湿地和草甸小叶章(XD)湿地0—100cm剖面土壤有机碳(SOC)、微生物量碳(MBC)、基础呼吸(BR)、呼吸势(PR)、微生物商(qMB)和代谢商(qCO2)等微生物活性指标。结果表明,XZ和XD湿地0—40cm土壤的SOC、MBC、BR、PR和qMB均随土壤深度的增加而迅速降低,而qCO2随土壤深度的增加而显著增加;XZ和XD湿地50—100cm土壤的SOC、MBC、BR、PR、qMB和qCO2变化不明显。相关性分析表明,XZ和XD湿地土壤微生物活性指标与土壤理化性质呈显著相关(P<0.05),不同微生物活性指标间均呈极显著相关(P<0.01)。XD湿地0—40cm土壤微生物活性各指标均明显低于XZ湿地(P<0.05),其中XD湿地土壤0—10cm的SOC、MBC、BR、PR和qMB分别仅为XZ湿地的77.85%、54.05%、59.09%、51.83%和69.52%。小叶章湿地土壤微生物活性特征表明XZ湿地土壤质量优于XD湿地。The experiment was carried out in an experimental field at Ecological Experiment Station of Mire Wetland in the Sanjiang Plain, the Chinese Academy of Sciences （ latitude 47 ° 35＇ N ; longitude 133 °31＇ E）, located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province in China. Calamagrostis angutifolia wetland is a main wetland type in Sanjiang Plain, which accounts for 34% of the total area of wetlands. The marsh wetland （ seasonal flooding） and meadow wetland （ no flooding） are two typical C. angustifolia wetlands in Sanjiang Plain, which soils are predominantly humus marsh soil and meadow marsh soil, respectively. The two type wetlands of C. angustifolia are located with different water gradients, which are sensitive to the changes of water conditions. To elucidate the soil microbial activities and assess the soil quality, soil organic carbon （SOC）, microbial biomass carbon （MBC）, basal respiration （BR）, potential respiration （PR）, microbial quotient （qMB） and metabolic quotient （qCO2） in the soil profiles of marsh and meadow wetlands of C. angustifolia were investigated. The result showed that the SOC, MBC, BR, PR, and qMB decreased markedly with depth increased in 0 --40cm soil profiles of marsh and meadow wetlands of C. angustifolia, while qCO2 increased obviously with depth rising. However, the SOC, MBC, BR, PR, qMB and qCO2 remained more or less unchanged in 50 -- 100cm soil profiles for both studied soils. The soil microbial activities in soil profiles of marsh wetland were lower than those in meadow wetland, especially in 0 - 40cm layer of soil profiles. The content of MBC, BR, PR, and qMB in 0 -- 10cm layer of marsh wetland were 54% , 59% , 52% , and 70% of those in meadow wetland, respectively. The notable positive correlations were found at P 〈0. 01 among MBC, BR, PR and qMB in the soil profiles of marsh wetland, and the highest correlations were between MBC with BR, PR and qMB, their coefficients were 0. 999, 0. 998 and 0. 971, respectively. The same relationships

关 键 词：三江平原 微生物活性 土壤剖面 基础呼吸 代谢商 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]