山区多沙水库干支流泥沙淤积数学模型及应用  

Application of mathematical model of sediment deposition in mainstream and tributary of mountainous reservoirs with high sediment concentration

作　　者：陈珺[1] 舒彩文[2] 武见[3] 梅志宏[4] 谈广鸣[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003 [4]中国水电顾问集团昆明勘测设计研究院,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期693-697,共5页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50909037);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2008BAB29B08);河海大学自然基金(2008426611);河海大学引进人才科研基金(20080415);中央高校基本科研业务费(2010B01114)

摘　　要：针对我国西部山区多沙河流存在急流、含沙量大的特点,建立了山区水库干支流一维非均匀非饱和输沙数学模型,模型采用一阶迎风格式对运动方程对流项进行离散,能够模拟山区河道急流.模型验证表明,计算水库淤积具有较好的精度.对戛洒江一级水电站运行后库区干支流泥沙淤积预测表明:水库呈现三角洲淤积态势,干流库区运行100a总淤积量为13.75亿t,未达到冲淤平衡,支流库区运行80a总淤积量为8.8亿t,达到冲淤平衡;水库运行100a后总库容损失率为57.53%.Based on the characteristics of supercritical flows and high sediment concentration in mountainous rivers of western China,a 1D non-uniform and unsaturated sediment transport mathematical model was established.In order to simulate the supercritical flows,the first order upwind difference scheme was used to discretize the movement equation in the model.The model verification achieved satisfactory accuracy of simulating sediment deposition in the reservoir.The predicted results of sediment deposition in Jiashajiang Hydropower Station after operation by use of the proposed model show that the sediment deposition in the reservoir has a tendency of delta deposition morphology.After 100 years＇ operation of the reservoir,the total sediment deposition amount in the mainstream is 1.375 billion t and the sediment erosion and deposition does not reach the equilibrium.After 80 years＇ operation of the reservoir,the total sediment deposition in the tributary is 0.88 billion t and the sediment erosion and deposition reaches the equilibrium.The loss rate of the total storage of the reservoir is 57.53% after 100 years＇ operation.

关 键 词：山区河流 多沙水库 非饱和输沙 数学模型 戛洒江水电站 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]