论留学生在1920-1930年代市政改革实践中的重要作用  

A Comment on the Returned Students' Important Role in the Municipal Reform Practice in 1920-1930's

作　　者：赵可[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学人文学院,湖南长沙410074

出　　处：《徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2010年第6期1-7,共7页Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重要研究基地重大项目"中国留学生与民国社会发展"(项目主持人周棉;项目批准号:06JJD77001)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：留学生群体是1920-1930年代国内市政改革实践的中坚力量。由著名留美市政专家孙科领导的广州市政厅是中国历史上第一个独立的城市政府,实现了市政体制的历史性创新,成为南京国民政府城市制度的蓝本;由专门人才执掌市政既是近代城市发展提出的明确要求,也是20世纪以来先进国家市政进步确立的共同原则。留学生群体对国内市政改革实践的积极参与使城市政府的专门化程度得到提升,科学化管理成为近代社会的发展趋势。留学生群体吸取了先进国家市政进步的成功经验,通过加强城市规划设计、合署办公、突出城市特色和发展方向等措施,使城市管理的科学化水平有较为明显的提高。总之,留学生群体在1920-1930年代的市政改革实践中促成了民国时期的城市面貌发生较大改观,为推动城市近代化进程发挥了不可替代的重要作用。The group of returned students was the backbone of municipal reform practice in 1920 -30＇ s in China. The municipal government of Guangzhou led by Sun Ke, a famous expert specializing in municipal science who returned from America, was the first independent municipal government in the history of China. The municipal government of Guangzhou not only innovated his- torically the municipal system of modern China but also became the model of municipal system during the period of the Nanjing People＇ s Government. The development of modern cities demands clearly experts to lead the municipal government, which is a common rule established by developed countries since the 19 century. The group of returned students＇ activities in the municipal reform practice promoted the level of municipal government＇ s specialty. Scientific management is the development trend of mod- em society. The group of returned students have drawn the successful experiences of municipal progress from those developed countries and promoted obviously the level of municipal management through strengthening the urban plans, carrying out centralizing work and outstanding the city characteristics and development direction, etc. Above all, the group of returned students have played an important role that cannot be equalled by others in the municipal reform practice in 1920 - 30＇ s. Their efforts have changed the face of most Chinese cities and pushed the degree of urban modernization greatly during the period of Republic of China.

关 键 词：留学生 1920—1930年代 市政改革 城市近代化 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理] K26[社会学]