HIV感染者和AIDS患者的避孕套使用状况调查  

An Investigation of Condom Use in HIV+/AIDS Patients

作　　者：张玉凤[1] 武俊青[1] 赵洪鑫[2] 李玉艳[1] 杨瑛 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海市计划生育研究所,上海200032 [2]复旦大学 [3]上海市闵行区疾病控制中心

出　　处：《国际生殖健康／计划生育杂志》2010年第6期453-456,共4页Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning

基　　金：Ford基金(1025-1310)

摘　　要：目的:了解人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者和人类获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者的避孕套使用情况及其影响因素,为艾滋病的防治提供相应的对策和建议。方法:采取定量和定性结合的研究方法,通过结构式问卷调查和个人深入访谈的形式,深入了解中国5省市的HIV+/AIDS患者的社会、心理、医疗服务等方面的需求及避孕套使用现状。结果:本研究共调查HIV+/AIDS患者111例,其中HIV感染者55例,艾滋病患者56例。吸毒静脉注射感染45例,占40.54%;有偿献血或输血感染31例,占27.93%;性接触感染35例,占31.53%。感染前后最近3次性生活中HIV+/AIDS患者避孕套使用比例相对都较低,感染前111例HIV+/AIDS患者中仅有19.82%使用避孕套,感染后该比例为24.32%,75%左右的对象感染前后均未使用避孕套。多因素统计分析显示:感染后个人年收入5000元以上和血液途径感染的HIV+/AIDS患者更倾向在性生活中使用避孕套。结论:HIV+/AIDS患者的避孕套使用率较低,应采取有效措施提高其使用率,从而有效控制HIV传播。Objective： To explore the situation and influencing factors of condom use among HIV ＋/ AIDS patients to provide suggestion to prevent and control HIV ＋/AIDS. Methods： In order to know the different needs of HIV＋/AIDS patients including social, medicine, psychology and so on, HIV＋/AIDS patients who were from five provinces of China were investigated by means of construction questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Results： The number of HIV＋/AIDS, HIV＋and AIDS patients was 111, 55 and 56, respectively. The proportion of HIV＋/AIDS patients who were transmitted by sex intercourse, blood donation and drug use patients was 31.53%, 27.93% and 40.54%, respectively. The proportion of condom use among HIV＋/AIDS patients in the latest three sex intercourse before infection was still very low, which was 19.82% before infection to 24.32% after infection in 111 patients, and no condom use was showed in nearly 75% of patients before and after infection. Multiple-factor analysis showed that patients whose annual income were above 5000 ￥ and who were infected by blood transmission were inclined to use condom. Conclusions： The proportion of condom use among HIV＋/AIDS is lower. It is necessary to find effective way to promote condom use to prevent and control HIV/AIDS in China.

关 键 词：HIV 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 避孕套 因素分析 统计学 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R169.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R512.91