近30年来珠江河口岸线演变时空特征及效应  

Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Effects of Shoreline Evolution of the Pearl River Estuary in the Past Thirty Years

作　　者：陈小文[1,2] 张蔚[1] 赵慧[3] 徐辉荣 易雯[5] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098 [2]广东省西江流域管理局,广东珠海519090 [3]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875 [4]广东省水利电力规划勘测设计研究院,广州510635 [5]广东省环境监测中心,广州510454

出　　处：《热带地理》2010年第6期591-596,共6页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41006046);水利部公益性行业专项科研经费项目(200901033);国家重点实验室专项经费资助项目(2009586712,2009585812);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2009B00214);国家重点自然科学基金项目(U0833002)

摘　　要：基于珠江河口近30年来实测水下地形、航测地形以及海图、卫星影像等大量资料,建立多时段、大范围河口岸线图谱,分区研究河口岸线向水域延伸的速度及速率,以定量表征珠江河口岸线演变时空特征,并简要分析岸线演变对河口地貌轮廓、水沙流路、滩涂湿地等产生的效应。结果显示:20世纪70年代至21世纪初,磨刀门岸线延伸速度最大,年均向东南延伸226m;其次为伶仃洋西岸大角山至珠海金星铜鼓角段,年均向东延伸190m;黄茅海西岸崖门出口至烽火角段年均延伸45m,是珠江河口中延伸速度最小的区域。河口岸线延伸对区域泄洪纳潮及水环境造成较大程度的影响。Based on the data of underwater topography, air photos, sea maps and satellite images, large and multi scale maps of estuarine shoreline were established for the eight entrances of the Pearl River Estuary. Spatial- temporal characteristics of shoreline evolution were shown by a kind of new quantitative method, and effects of shoreline evolution on estuary landform outline, water flows, sediment and beach wetland were briefly analyzed. The results showed that the shoreline evolution of the eight entrances experienced various changes from 1970 to 2000. The greatest extending speed appeared on the shoreline of Modaomen Entrance, which was an average of 226m per year towards south. The second appeared on the shoreline from Dajiaoshan to Jinxingtonggujiao in the western bank of the Lingdingyang, extending towards east with an average speed of 190m per year. The lowest extending speed of 45m per year appeared on the shoreline from Yamen entrance to Fenghuojiao in the western bank of the Huangmao Sea. The spatial-temporal changes of shoreline in the Pearl River Estuary had greatly influenced the regional flood discharge, tidal prisms and water environment.

关 键 词：珠江河口 岸线演变 时空特征 效应 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]