不同开洞率乡村建筑洪水水流荷载试验  

Experimental Study on the Flow Pressure of Flood on Rural Building Models with Different Ratios of Holes

作　　者：肖诗云[1] 杨留娟[1] 岳斌[1] 葛学礼[2] 朱立新[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学建设工程学部工程抗震研究所,辽宁大连116024 [2]中国建筑科学研究院工程抗震研究所,北京100013

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期1039-1045,共7页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划基金项目(2006BAJ06B04-02和2006BAJ06B04-04)

摘　　要：目的研究洪水对山区乡村房屋水流作用,为山区乡村建筑的抗洪设计和抗洪能力评价提供依据.方法采用和山区乡村房屋模型洪水冲击试验研究完全相同的试验模型、试验仪器、试验设备和试验方案,采用不同开洞率对房屋模型进行洪水水流作用试验,研究洪水对村镇建筑的影响.结果开洞率对模型水流压力的分布规律影响并不大,但是随着开洞率的增加,模型水流压力稍微增加,开洞率从0.26增加到0.298和0.337时,最大水流压力从6.65 kPa增加到6.79 kPa和6.88 kPa,变化最大不超过5%.结论模型洞口处的水流压力随着开洞率的增加明显降低,而在其他位置处开洞率对水流压力的影响规律并不明确;迎流面上水流压力产生的合力和弯矩随开洞率的增加明显减小,模型的外侧面,水流压力产生的合力和弯矩随着开洞率的增加而增加,而在模型内部的各个面,水流压力产生的合力和弯矩随着开洞率的增加而有所降低.Rural building models were tested to research the action of flood on buildings and test results could provide the foundation for the flood-resistant design and evaluation of rural buildings.In this paper,experiments of rural building models with different ratios of holes are carried out to study the flow pressure of flood.The effect of the ratio of holes on the values and distributions of the flow pressure,the force and bending moment of walls are studied.The effect of the ratio of holes on the distribution of the flow pressure is tiny,while the maximal flow pressure increases with the ratio of holes.The maximal flow pressures vary from 6.65 kPa to 6.79 kPa and 6.88 kPa,which doesn＇t exceed to 5 percent,when the ratio of holes increases from 0.26 to 0.298 and 0.337.Some conclusions can be drawn that the flow pressure near holes decreases with the increasing ratio of holes,but the relationship between the flow pressure on the other place and the ratio of holes is not clear;the values and distributions of the flow pressure are independent of the ratio of holes;the force and bending moment on the flow surface and the inner surface decrease with the increasing ratio of holes,however,those on the outer surface rises with the increasing ratio of holes.

关 键 词：洪水荷载 开洞率 水流压力 弯矩 山区乡村建筑 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程]