采煤引起地表裂缝数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Ground Fissures Induced by Mining

作　　者：王来贵[1] 初影[1] 赵娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学矿山灾害治理研究院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期1138-1141,共4页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(10972096);地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室开放基金项目(DZJK-0809)

摘　　要：目的研究采煤沉陷区地裂缝演化过程,探讨采煤诱发地裂缝分布规律.方法利用可描述拉张破裂的有限元方法,对沉陷区地裂缝演化过程进行数值模拟.结果当地表岩石的拉应力超过其抗拉强度时,沉陷区外缘地表形成地裂缝;地裂缝走向大致与工作面相垂直,上宽下窄呈"V"字形;覆岩抗拉强度越小,地表越容易形成地裂缝;岩石抗拉强度越大,地表形成较少或不形成地裂缝;开采范围越大,地表拉张破裂区域越大,形成地裂缝越多,工作面推进到一定距离时,原先张开的地裂缝会产生一定闭合;开采深度小,地表易形成地裂缝,甚至会形成地面塌陷,开采深度越大,地表越不容易破坏.结论拉张破裂有限元程序模拟地裂缝,可为研究采煤地裂缝分布和扩展规律提供新的研究方法.The evolution process of ground fissure in mining subsidence area and the distribution law of ground fissure induced by mining are studied in the paper.The numerical simulation of the evolution process of ground fissure in mining subsidence area is carried out by using the describable tensile failure finite element method.When the tension stress of the ground rock is beyond the tensile strength,it will form the ground fissure on outboard surface of subsidence area and the ground fissure direction is vertical to the work surface and the shape of the ground fissure is V.The smaller the tensile strength of cover rock is,the easier it is to form the ground fissure.While the larger the rock tensile strength is,the fewer it will form or not form the ground fissure.If the mining scope is larger,the tension fracture area becomes greater and the ground fissures are more.When the work surface advances to a certain distance,the original opening of ground fissures will produce a certain closure.If the mining depth is smaller,the surface is easy to form cracks,even leads to ground subsidence while the mining depth becomes greater,the surface is not easy to be destroyed.The conclusion comes like that applying tension fracture finite element program to simulate the cracks can provide new research methods for research and expansion of coal mining laws of the ground fissures.

关 键 词：地裂缝 拉应力 拉张破裂 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD313[矿业工程—矿井建设]