长期施肥下石灰性潮土有机碳变化的DNDC模型预测  

Simulating trends in soil organic carbon of in calcareous fluvo-aquic soil under long-term fertilization using the DNDC model

作　　者：陈长青[1,2] 胡清宇[2] 孙波[1] 张佳宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]南京农业大学应用生态研究所,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2010年第6期1410-1417,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"课题(2005CB12108);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-YW-407)资助

摘　　要：为探讨长期不同施肥条件下土壤有机碳的变化规律及DNDC模型的应用,利用封丘石灰性潮土不同施肥措施下的长期定位试验数据,选取CK、NPK、1/2NPK＋1/2OM、OM4个处理,分析了15年来作物产量及土壤有机碳（SOC）的变化特征,并用DNDC模型预测了试验地近100年（2000~2099）的SOC变化趋势。结果表明,各施肥处理的多年产量平均值和对照处理差异显著;施用化肥（NPK和1/2NPK＋1/2OM）处理和有机肥（OM）处理间也有显著差异;产量最高为NPK处理,达10811 kg/ha,CK处理最低,但1/2NPK＋1/2OM处理产量与NPK处理无显著性差异。15年来土壤耕层（0—20cm）有机碳平均值,以OM处理最高,达到7.90 g/kg,显著高于1/2NPK＋1/2OM、NPK处理;而CK处理仅为4.15 g/kg。从15年来有机碳的变化看出,CK处理略有下降,NPK处理较为平稳,而1/2NPK＋1/2OM和OM处理呈现不断上升趋势,OM处理上升幅度较1/2NPK＋1/2OM处理大。对试验地SOC变化趋势长期（100a）的模拟结果显示,与初始土壤SOC含量相比,100a后不施肥处理（CK）土壤有机碳含量下降了52%,化肥（NPK）处理土壤SOC含量较为稳定,而1/2NPK＋1/2OM处理和OM处理土壤有机碳增加明显,大约25a后基本上稳定,100a后分别较2000年增加了24%和25%。从实测数据的分析和DNDC模型模拟分析可以看出,有机肥和化肥配施能获得较高作物产量,并能有效地增加土壤SOC含量,从而提高土壤的可持续利用能力。The objectives of this paper were to study the variation of soil organic carbon and the application of DNDC model under the long-term different fertilization.Based on the data available of pre-set long-term experiment,four treatments（CK、NPK、1/2NPK＋1/2OM、OM） were chosen to study the characteristics of crop yield and content of soil organic carbon（SOC） variation.The trend of SOC in Fengqiu was also simulated by DNDC model with a time scale from 2000 to 2099.The results were as follows： there was a significant difference on average production between fertilization treatments and control.Application of chemical fertilizer（NPK、1/2NPK＋1/2OM） increased yield compared to single application of manure,with the highest yield was observed for NPK（10811 kg/ha）;However,no significant difference between NPK and 1/2NPK＋1/2OM,and the lowest occurred in CK was observed.The content of average SOC in OM was the highest（7.90 g/kg）,followed by NPK and 1/2NPK＋1/2OM.The lowest SOC was found in CK being 4.15 g/kg.With a time frame of 15 years,the content of SOC in CK decreased slightly,kept constant in NPK,while kept increasing in 1/2NPK ＋1/2OM and OM.The simulated results of SOC trend in Fengqiu with a time scale of 100 years showed that the content of SOC under CK decreased by 52% compared to initial content.Application of chemical fertilizer uniquely（NPK） could maintain constant,while it rose significantly under 1/2NPK ＋1/2OM and OM treatment in the first 25 year,then it kept stable.The content of SOC increased by 24% and 25% compared to that in 2000 year,respectively.It could concluded that combined application of manure and chemical fertilizer could increased yield and SOC content in the soil,hence,improve the sustainable utilization of soils.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 长期定位试验 有机肥 DNDC模型 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]